кача

Bulgarian

Etymology

From South Slavic *kačiti, cognate with Macedonian качи (kači), Serbo-Croatian качити. Probably related to Bulgarian ка́цам (kácam, “to perch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈt͡ʃɤ̟]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

кача́ • (kačá) first-singular present indicative, pf (imperfective ка́чвам)

1. (transitive) to hang, put (something up somewhere) in a higher location
2. (transitive) to take up (someone/something), to mount onto a vehicle

   кача някого на лодката ― kača njakogo na lodkata ― to take up someone on the boat

3. (figurative) to raise (temperature, prices), to rise up, to revolt
4. (figurative) to gain (weight)
5. (figurative, colloquial) to promote (someone)
6. (computing) to upload
7. (reflexive with се) to go up (to a higher location), to climb
8. (reflexive with се) to get (into/onto a vehicle or horse)
9. (reflexive with се) to rise (of temperature, prices)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of кача́ (conjugation 2.1, perfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	—	качи́л kačíl	кача́л, каче́л1 kačál, kačél1	каче́н kačén		—
	definite subject form	—	качи́лият kačílijat	—	каче́ният kačénijat
	definite object form	—	качи́лия kačílija	—	каче́ния kačénija
feminine	indefinite	—	качи́ла kačíla	кача́ла, каче́ла1 kačála, kačéla1	каче́на kačéna
	definite	—	качи́лата kačílata	—	каче́ната kačénata
neuter	indefinite	—	качи́ло kačílo	кача́ло, каче́ло1 kačálo, kačélo1	каче́но kačéno	—
	definite	—	качи́лото kačíloto	—	каче́ното kačénoto	—
plural	indefinite	—	качи́ли kačíli	кача́ли, каче́ли1 kačáli, kačéli1	каче́ни kačéni	—
	definite	—	качи́лите kačílite	—	каче́ните kačénite	—

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		кача́ kačá	качи́ш kačíš	качи́ kačí	качи́м kačím	качи́те kačíte	кача́т kačát
imperfect		кача́х, каче́х1 kačáh, kačéh1	каче́ше kačéše	каче́ше kačéše	кача́хме, каче́хме1 kačáhme, kačéhme1	кача́хте, каче́хте1 kačáhte, kačéhte1	кача́ха, каче́ха1 kačáha, kačéha1
aorist		качи́х kačíh	качи́ kačí	качи́ kačí	качи́хме kačíhme	качи́хте kačíhte	качи́ха kačíha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кача́л/каче́л1 m, кача́ла/каче́ла1 f, кача́ло/каче́ло1 n, or кача́ли/каче́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кача́л/каче́л1 m, кача́ла/каче́ла1 f, кача́ло/каче́ло1 n, or кача́ли/каче́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and кача́л/каче́л1 m, кача́ла/каче́ла1 f, кача́ло/каче́ло1 n, or кача́ли/каче́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and качи́л m, качи́ла f, качи́ло n, or качи́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			качи́ kačí			каче́те kačéte

¹Largely fallen into disuse.

    Conjugation of кача́ се (conjugation 2.1, perfective, reflexive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	—	качи́л се kačíl se	кача́л се, каче́л се1 kačál se, kačél se1	—		—
	definite subject form	—	качи́лият се kačílijat se	—	—
	definite object form	—	качи́лия се kačílija se	—	—
feminine	indefinite	—	качи́ла се kačíla se	кача́ла се, каче́ла се1 kačála se, kačéla se1	—
	definite	—	качи́лата се kačílata se	—	—
neuter	indefinite	—	качи́ло се kačílo se	кача́ло се, каче́ло се1 kačálo se, kačélo se1	—	—
	definite	—	качи́лото се kačíloto se	—	—	—
plural	indefinite	—	качи́ли се kačíli se	кача́ли се, каче́ли се1 kačáli se, kačéli se1	—	—
	definite	—	качи́лите се kačílite se	—	—	—

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		кача́ се kačá se	качи́ш се kačíš se	качи́ се kačí se	качи́м се kačím se	качи́те се kačíte se	кача́т се kačát se
imperfect		кача́х се, каче́х се1 kačáh se, kačéh se1	каче́ше се kačéše se	каче́ше се kačéše se	кача́хме се, каче́хме се1 kačáhme se, kačéhme se1	кача́хте се, каче́хте се1 kačáhte se, kačéhte se1	кача́ха се, каче́ха се1 kačáha se, kačéha se1
aorist		качи́х се kačíh se	качи́ се kačí se	качи́ се kačí se	качи́хме се kačíhme se	качи́хте се kačíhte se	качи́ха се kačíha se
future	pos.	Use ще се followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да се followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да се followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кача́л се/каче́л се1 m, кача́ла се/каче́ла се1 f, кача́ло се/каче́ло се1 n, or кача́ли се/каче́ли се1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да се and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кача́л се/каче́л се1 m, кача́ла се/каче́ла се1 f, кача́ло се/каче́ло се1 n, or кача́ли се/каче́ли се1 pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да се and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and кача́л се/каче́л се1 m, кача́ла се/каче́ла се1 f, кача́ло се/каче́ло се1 n, or кача́ли се/каче́ли се1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да се and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да се and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and качи́л се m, качи́ла се f, качи́ло се n, or качи́ли се pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			качи́ се kačí se			каче́те се kačéte se

¹Largely fallen into disuse.

Derived terms

• ка́чвам (káčvam) (semelfactive)
• вка́ча се pf (vkáča se), вка́чвам се impf (vkáčvam se) (dialectal)
• възка́ча се pf (vǎzkáča se), възка́чвам се impf (vǎzkáčvam se, “to mount”)
• дока́ча pf (dokáča), дока́чвам impf (dokáčvam)
• зака́ча pf (zakáča), зака́чам impf (zakáčam)
• изка́ча pf (izkáča), изка́чвам impf (izkáčvam)
• нака́ча pf (nakáča), нака́чвам impf (nakáčvam)
• ока́ча pf (okáča), ока́чвам impf (okáčvam)
• отка́ча pf (otkáča), отка́чам impf (otkáčam)
• пока́ча pf (pokáča), пока́чвам impf (pokáčvam)
• прека́ча pf (prekáča), прека́чвам impf (prekáčvam)
• прика́ча pf (prikáča), прика́чвам impf (prikáčvam)
• разка́ча pf (razkáča), разка́чвам impf (razkáčvam)
• ска́ча pf (skáča), ска́чвам impf (skáčvam, “to gear up”)
• ка́чевица (káčevica, “ladder”) (dialectal)

See also

• кате́ря (katérja, “to climb”)
• ска́чам (skáčam, “to jump, to leap”)

References

• “кача”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “кача”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1897) “ка́чвамь, ка́чювамь (да ка́чѭ)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 257
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “качвам, кача”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 290

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

ка̏ча f (Latin spelling kȁča)

1. (regional) snake

Declension

Declension of кача

	singular	plural
nominative	кача	каче
genitive	каче	кача
dative	качи	качама
accusative	качу	каче
vocative	качо	каче
locative	качи	качама
instrumental	качом	качама

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:kača.

Ukrainian

Etymology

ка́(ч)ка (ká(č)ka) +‎ -я́ (-já)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈt͡ʃa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

кача́ • (kačá) n animal (genitive кача́ти, nominative plural кача́та, genitive plural кача́т, diminutive кача́тко)

1. duckling

   Synonym: каченя́ (kačenjá)

Declension

Declension of кача́ (animal t-stem neut-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	кача́ kačá	кача́та kačáta
genitive	кача́ти kačáty	кача́т kačát
dative	кача́ті kačáti	кача́там kačátam
accusative	кача́ kačá	кача́та, кача́т kačáta, kačát
instrumental	кача́м kačám	кача́тами kačátamy
locative	кача́ті kačáti	кача́тах kačátax
vocative	кача́ kačá	кача́та kačáta

References

• Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “кача́”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кача”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “кача”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN