коса

See also: ќоса and кося

Bulgarian

Кичур коса

Пясъчна коса

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [koˈsa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kosa (“hair”).

Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f (relational adjective коса́т, diminutive коси́ца or коси́чка)

1. (countable) hair (the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals)

   дъ́лга коса́ ― dǎ́lga kosá ― long hair

   къ́са коса́ ― kǎ́sa kosá ― short hair

2. (countable) corn silk

   Synonym: реса́ (resá)

3. (by extension) spit (geological formation)

   пя́съчна коса́ ― pjásǎčna kosá ― sandspit

Usage notes

• Although technically countable, this word is almost always used uncountably to refer to a person's entire head of hair, e.g. моята коса ― mojata kosa ― my hair.
• In the plural, it takes the form коси́ (kosí), accentuating the individuality of the hairs or their number: Помня косите ѝ. ― Pomnja kosite ì. ― I remember her hairs.

Declension

Declension of коса́

	singular	plural
indefinite	коса́ kosá	коси́1 kosí1
definite	коса́та kosáta	коси́те1 kosíte1

¹Rare.

Derived terms

• косо- (koso-)
  • косопа́д (kosopád, “hair loss”)
• -кос (-kos)
  • светлоко́с (svetlokós, “light-haired”)
  • тъмноко́с (tǎmnokós, “dark-haired”)
  • белоко́с (belokós, “white-haired, with hoary hair”)
  • русоко́с (rusokós, “blond-haired”)
  • червеноко́с (červenokós, “ginger-haired”)
  • черноко́с (černokós, “black-haired”)
• ко́съм (kósǎm, “fiber of hair”)
• коса́к (kosák, “person with pretty hair”) (dialectal)
• коси́ще (kosíšte, “overgrown, rampant hair”) (augmentative)

References

• “коса¹ (hair)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “коса³ (spit)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “коса¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Сечиво коса

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kosa (“scythe”).

Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f (diminutive коси́ца)

1. (countable) scythe

Declension

Declension of коса́

	singular	plural
indefinite	коса́ kosá	коси́ kosí
definite	коса́та kosáta	коси́те kosíte

Derived terms

• кося́ (kosjá, “to mow, to reap”)
  • коса́ч (kosáč, “reaper”)
• коса́т (kosát, “oryx”) (dialectal)
  • коса́тка (kosátka, “killer whale”)

Related terms

• кос (kos, “skew”)

References

• “коса²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “коса²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Anagrams

• сако (sako)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɔsa]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔsa

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

Noun

коса • (kosa) f (plural коси, diminutive косичка or косиче, augmentative косиште)

2. hair (collective) (growth on head)
4. scythe

Declension

Declension of коса

	singular	plural
indefinite	коса	коси
definite unspecified	косата	косите
definite proximal	косава	косиве
definite distal	косана	косине
vocative	косо	коси

Derived terms

hair

• белокос (belokos)
• долгокос (dolgokos)
• жолтокос (žoltokos)
• златокос (zlatokos)
• косест (kosest)
• косичник m (kosičnik)
• косопад m (kosopad)
• косопасец m (kosopasec)
• русокос (rusokos)
• светлокос (svetlokos)
• свилокос (svilokos)
• сивокос (sivokos)
• среброкос (srebrokos)
• темнокос (temnokos)
• црвенокос (crvenokos)
• црнокос (crnokos)

 

scythe

• закосај m (zakosaj)
• искоси pf (iskosi)
• косар m (kosar)
• косач m (kosač)
• косачка f (kosačka)
• косачки (kosački)
• коси impf (kosi)
• косидба f (kosidba)
• косилка f (kosilka)
• косило n (kosilo)
• косиште n (kosište)
• откос m (otkos)
• покоси pf (pokosi)
• прекос m (prekos)
• сенокосач m (senokosač)
• сенокосачка f (senokosačka)
• тревокосачка f (trevokosačka)

 

See also

• косма f (kosma), влакно n (vlakno), влас f (vlas)
• сор m (sor), косор m (kosor), косир m (kosir), срп m (srp)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

коса • (kosa)

1. count plural of кос m (kos, “blackbird”)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

коса • (kosa)

1. indefinite feminine singular of кос (kos)

Anagrams

• оска (oska), сако (sako)

Old East Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kosà.

Pronunciation

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /kɔˈsɑ/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /kɔˈsa/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /kɔˈsa/
• Hyphenation: ко‧са

Noun

коса (kosa) f

1. braid
2. scythe

Declension

Declension of коса (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	коса kosa	косѣ kosě	косꙑ kosy
Genitive	косꙑ kosy	косу kosu	косъ kosŭ
Dative	косѣ kosě	косама kosama	косамъ kosamŭ
Accusative	косѫ kosǫ	косѣ kosě	косꙑ kosy
Instrumental	косоѭ kosojǫ	косама kosama	косами kosami
Locative	косѣ kosě	косу kosu	косахъ kosaxŭ
Vocative	косо koso	косѣ kosě	косꙑ kosy

Descendants

• Belarusian: каса́ (kasá)
• Russian: коса́ (kosá)
  • → Kildin Sami: коассь (kåss’)
• Ukrainian: коса́ (kosá)

References

• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “коса”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1294

Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic коса (kosa), from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈsa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f inan (genitive косы́, nominative plural ко́сы, genitive plural кос, diminutive коси́чка)

1. plait, tress, braid, pigtail, queue
2. scythe
3. sandbank, (river) bank, spit (small point of land jutting into the sea)

Declension

Declension of коса́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	коса́ kosá	ко́сы kósy
genitive	косы́ kosý	ко́с kós
dative	косе́ kosé	ко́сам kósam
accusative	косу́ kosú	ко́сы kósy
instrumental	косо́й, косо́ю kosój, kosóju	ко́сами kósami
prepositional	косе́ kosé	ко́сах kósax

Pre-reform declension of коса́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	коса́ kosá	ко́сы kósy
genitive	косы́ kosý	ко́съ kós
dative	косѣ́ kosě́	ко́самъ kósam
accusative	косу́ kosú	ко́сы kósy
instrumental	косо́й, косо́ю kosój, kosóju	ко́сами kósami
prepositional	косѣ́ kosě́	ко́сахъ kósax

Descendants

• → Ingrian: kassa
• Samic:
  • → Kildin Sami: коассь (kåss’, “braid, plait”), ко̄сс (kōss, “scythe”)
  • → Skolt Sami: kåʹss (“braid, plait”), koss (“scythe”)
  • → Ter Sami: коссе (kossʼe, “braid, plait”), кыэййсе (kïejjsʼe, “scythe”)

See also

• серп m (serp)

Etymology 2

From the Xhosa name of the language isiXhosa.

Alternative forms

• кхоса (kxosa)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkosə]

Noun

ко́са • (kósa) m inan (indeclinable)

1. Xhosa

   Synonym: исикоса (isikosa)

   язы́к ко́са ― jazýk kósa ― the Xhosa language

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈsa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

коса́ • (kosá)

1. short feminine singular of косо́й (kosój)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kǒsa/
• Hyphenation: ко‧са

Noun

ко̀са f (Latin spelling kòsa)

1. hair (of a person, on the head)

Declension

Declension of коса

	singular	plural
nominative	ко̀са	ко̏се
genitive	косе	коса
dative	коси	косама
accusative	косу	косе
vocative	косо	косе
locative	коси	косама
instrumental	косом	косама

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kǒsa/
• Hyphenation: ко‧са

Noun

ко̀са f (Latin spelling kòsa)

1. scythe

Declension

Declension of коса

	singular	plural
nominative	коса	косе
genitive	косе	коса
dative	коси	косама
accusative	косу	косе
vocative	косо	косе
locative	коси	косама
instrumental	косом	косама

Etymology 3

From ко̑с.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kǒsa/
• Hyphenation: ко‧са

Noun

ко̀са f (Latin spelling kòsa)

1. slope, declivity
2. a mountain spur; a smaller ridge branching off from a mountain range

Declension

Declension of коса

	singular	plural
nominative	коса	косе
genitive	косе	коса
dative	коси	косама
accusative	косу	косе
vocative	косо	косе
locative	коси	косама
instrumental	косом	косама

References

• “коса” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• “коса” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• “коса” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• Čolović, Gvozden R. (1969) Vojna topografija, Beograd: Vojnogeografski institut

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kosa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɔˈsa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f inan (genitive коси́, nominative plural ко́си, genitive plural кіс)

1. braided hair
2. scythe
3. (dialectal) spleen, pancreas
4. (dialectal) tendon

Declension

Declension of коса́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d' о-і)

	singular	plural
nominative	коса́ kosá	ко́си kósy
genitive	коси́ kosý	кіс kis
dative	косі́ kosí	ко́сам kósam
accusative	ко́су kósu	ко́си kósy
instrumental	косо́ю kosóju	ко́сами kósamy
locative	косі́ kosí	ко́сах kósax
vocative	ко́со kóso	ко́си kósy

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “коса”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “коса”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)