اندر

See also: أندر‎, انذر‎, and أنذر‎

Hijazi Arabic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /andur/

Verb

اندر • (andur)

1. second-person singular imperative of نَدَر‎ (nadar)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭩𐭭‎ (BYN /⁠andar⁠/), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (aⁿtar, “among, within”), from Proto-Iranian *Hántarah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁énteros (“inner, what is inside”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔan.daɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæn̪.d̪æɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän̪.d̪äɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	andar
Dari reading?	andar
Iranian reading?	andar
Tajik reading?	andar

Preposition

اندر • (andar)

1. Archaic and poetic form of در‎ (dar, “in; inside”)

Usage notes

• After the twelfth century, the shortened در‎ (dar) becomes increasingly dominant, although اندر‎ (andar) is still used in poetry for metrical and intentionally archaicizing purposes.

Related terms

• اندرون‎ (andarun)
• اندرونی‎ (andaruni)
• اندری‎ (andari)

 

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian اندر‎ (andar, “inside, within”).

Preposition

اندر • (andar) (Hindi spelling अन्दर‎)

1. inside
2. within
3. in

Related terms

• اندرون‎ (andrūn, “interior”)
• اندرونی‎ (andrūnī, “internal”)
• اَنْدَر باہَر‎ (andar-bāhar, “within and without; everywhere”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit उन्दुर (undura), उन्दुरु (unduru), उन्दरु (undaru), etc. from a lost Vedic substrate.

Noun

اندر • (indur) m (Hindi spelling इन्दुर)

1. rat
2. mouse

Etymology 3

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit इन्द्र (indra).

Compare Punjabi اندر‎ (iṇdar), Kalasha اِن‎ (in), Kamkata-viri ایںدر‎ (ī˜drʻ), and Prasuni اِندر (indr).

Proper noun

اندر • (indar) m (Hindi spelling इन्द्र)

1. (Vedic religion) Indra, deity of rain and thunder

Derived terms

• اِنْدر دَھنُش‎ (indar-dhanuś, “rainbow”, literally “Indra's bow”)
• اندری‎ (indrī, “genitalia; coitus”)
• اِنْدَر کی پَری‎ (indar kī parī, “beautiful woman; strange”, literally “Indra's fairy”)
• اِنْدَرلوک‎ (indarlok, “sky”, literally “realm of Indra”)
• اِنْدَرجال‎ (indar-jāl, “trick, deception; magic”)
• اِنْدَرجالی‎ (indar-jālī, “trickster, cheat; magician; conjurer”)

Etymology 4

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit अनिद्र (anidra).

Adjective

اندر • (anidar) (Hindi spelling अनिद्र)

1. awake
2. wakeful
3. sleepless

References

• “اندر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “اندر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “اندر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “اندر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.