تبع
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ت ب ع (t-b-ʕ) |
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
تَبِعَ • (tabiʕa) I, non-past يَتْبَعُ (yatbaʕu)
- to follow
Conjugation edit
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
تَبَع or تَبَاعَة tabaʕ or tabāʕa | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
tābiʕ | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
matbūʕ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | tabiʕtu |
tabiʕta |
تَبِعَ tabiʕa |
tabiʕtumā |
tabiʕā |
tabiʕnā |
tabiʕtum |
tabiʕū | |||
f | tabiʕti |
tabiʕat |
tabiʕatā |
tabiʕtunna |
tabiʕna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔatbaʕu |
tatbaʕu |
yatbaʕu |
tatbaʕāni |
yatbaʕāni |
natbaʕu |
tatbaʕūna |
yatbaʕūna | |||
f | tatbaʕīna |
tatbaʕu |
tatbaʕāni |
tatbaʕna |
yatbaʕna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔatbaʕa |
tatbaʕa |
yatbaʕa |
tatbaʕā |
yatbaʕā |
natbaʕa |
tatbaʕū |
yatbaʕū | |||
f | tatbaʕī |
tatbaʕa |
tatbaʕā |
tatbaʕna |
yatbaʕna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔatbaʕ |
tatbaʕ |
yatbaʕ |
tatbaʕā |
yatbaʕā |
natbaʕ |
tatbaʕū |
yatbaʕū | |||
f | tatbaʕī |
tatbaʕ |
tatbaʕā |
tatbaʕna |
yatbaʕna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | itbaʕ |
itbaʕā |
itbaʕū |
||||||||
f | itbaʕī |
itbaʕna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | tubiʕtu |
tubiʕta |
تُبِعَ tubiʕa |
tubiʕtumā |
tubiʕā |
tubiʕnā |
tubiʕtum |
tubiʕū | |||
f | tubiʕti |
tubiʕat |
tubiʕatā |
tubiʕtunna |
tubiʕna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔutbaʕu |
tutbaʕu |
yutbaʕu |
tutbaʕāni |
yutbaʕāni |
nutbaʕu |
tutbaʕūna |
yutbaʕūna | |||
f | tutbaʕīna |
tutbaʕu |
tutbaʕāni |
tutbaʕna |
yutbaʕna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔutbaʕa |
tutbaʕa |
yutbaʕa |
tutbaʕā |
yutbaʕā |
nutbaʕa |
tutbaʕū |
yutbaʕū | |||
f | tutbaʕī |
tutbaʕa |
tutbaʕā |
tutbaʕna |
yutbaʕna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔutbaʕ |
tutbaʕ |
yutbaʕ |
tutbaʕā |
yutbaʕā |
nutbaʕ |
tutbaʕū |
yutbaʕū | |||
f | tutbaʕī |
tutbaʕ |
tutbaʕā |
tutbaʕna |
yutbaʕna |
See also edit
- Form III: تَابِع (tābiʕ)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
تَبَع • (tabaʕ) m
- verbal noun of تَبِعَ (tabiʕa) (form I)
Declension edit
Noun edit
تَبَع • (tabaʕ) m (collective, singulative تَبَع m (tabaʕ) or تَبَعِيّ m (tabaʕiyy), plural أَتْبَاع (ʔatbāʕ))
- follower(s)
Declension edit
Etymology 3 edit
Uncertain. Lane claims that it is from the root ت ب ع (t-b-ʕ), in reference to how when one king died, his successor would follow his policies. The unusual plural pattern suggests a borrowing from Old South Arabian, but the cognate root in those languages likely has the same meaning of "follow", and is only attested in theophoric names.
Noun edit
تُبَّع • (tubbaʕ) m (plural تَبَابِعَة (tabābiʕa))
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تُبَّع tubbaʕ |
التُّبَّع at-tubbaʕ |
تُبَّع tubbaʕ |
Nominative | تُبَّعٌ tubbaʕun |
التُّبَّعُ at-tubbaʕu |
تُبَّعُ tubbaʕu |
Accusative | تُبَّعًا tubbaʕan |
التُّبَّعَ at-tubbaʕa |
تُبَّعَ tubbaʕa |
Genitive | تُبَّعٍ tubbaʕin |
التُّبَّعِ at-tubbaʕi |
تُبَّعِ tubbaʕi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | تُبَّعَيْن tubbaʕayn |
التُّبَّعَيْن at-tubbaʕayn |
تُبَّعَيْ tubbaʕay |
Nominative | تُبَّعَانِ tubbaʕāni |
التُّبَّعَانِ at-tubbaʕāni |
تُبَّعَا tubbaʕā |
Accusative | تُبَّعَيْنِ tubbaʕayni |
التُّبَّعَيْنِ at-tubbaʕayni |
تُبَّعَيْ tubbaʕay |
Genitive | تُبَّعَيْنِ tubbaʕayni |
التُّبَّعَيْنِ at-tubbaʕayni |
تُبَّعَيْ tubbaʕay |
Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تَبَابِعَة tabābiʕa |
التَّبَابِعَة at-tabābiʕa |
تَبَابِعَة tabābiʕat |
Nominative | تَبَابِعَةٌ tabābiʕatun |
التَّبَابِعَةُ at-tabābiʕatu |
تَبَابِعَةُ tabābiʕatu |
Accusative | تَبَابِعَةً tabābiʕatan |
التَّبَابِعَةَ at-tabābiʕata |
تَبَابِعَةَ tabābiʕata |
Genitive | تَبَابِعَةٍ tabābiʕatin |
التَّبَابِعَةِ at-tabābiʕati |
تَبَابِعَةِ tabābiʕati |
Etymology 4 edit
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)
- third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)
References edit
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis[1] (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 25
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “تبع”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 293a–b
- van Putten, Marijn (2020), "Classical and Modern Standard Arabic", in Arabic and Contact-induced Change (eds. Manfredi and Lucas)
North Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Grammaticalized from Arabic تَبَع (tabaʕ). The feminine form is from Arabic تَبَعِيّ (tabaʕiyy).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
تبع • (tabaʿ) m or f or pl (feminine تبعيت (tabʿīt; (rare) tabʿiyyit) or تبعت (tabʿit), plural تَبعُول (tabʿūl), feminine plural (less common) تبعولات (tabʿūlāt))
- forms possessive pronouns of all persons with the respective personal suffixes
- هيدي تبعيتي
- haydi tabʿīti.
- This one is mine.
- of; used appositively after a noun instead of an ordinary possessive iḍāfa construction
- هيدي التنورة تبعيت إمي
- haydi t-tannūra tabʿīt ʾimmi
- This is my mother’s skirt.
- بَدِّي إستعمل الكمبيوتر تبعكن
- baddi ʾistaʿmil l-kumpyūtar tabaʿkun
- I need to use your computer.
Usage notes edit
- The latter construction is particularly common with foreign nouns, as in the example, or with proper nouns. The reason is that adding personal suffixes to these, though perfectly possible, may sound awkward.
- Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.
Synonyms edit
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ت ب ع |
1 term |
Etymology 1 edit
Grammaticalized from Arabic تَبَع (tabaʕ).
Alternative forms edit
- تاع (tāʕ)
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
تبع • (tabaʕ) m (feminine تبعة (tabʕa), plural تبعون (tabʕūn))
- forms possessive pronouns of all persons with the respective personal suffixes
- of; used appositively after a noun instead of an ordinary possessive iḍāfa construction
Usage notes edit
- The latter construction is particularly common with foreign nouns, as in the example, or with proper nouns. The reason is that adding personal suffixes to these, though perfectly possible, may sound awkward.
- Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.
Inflection edit
Inflected forms of تبع | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | تبع (tabaʕ) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
singular | plural | |||
m | f | ||||
1st person | تبعي (tabaʕi) | تبعنا (tabaʕna) | |||
2nd person | تبعك (tabaʕak) | تبعك (tabaʕek) | تبعكم (tabaʕkom) | ||
3rd person | تبعه (tabaʕo) | تبعها (tabaʕha) | تبعهم (tabaʕhom) |
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
تبع • (tabaʕ) I (present بتبع (bitbaʕ), active participle تابع (tābeʕ))
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of تبع (tabaʕ) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | تبعت (tabaʕt) | تبعت (tabaʕt) | تبع (tabaʕ) | تبعنا (tabaʕna) | تبعتو (tabaʕtu) | تبعو (tabaʕu) | |
f | تبعتي (tabaʕti) | تبعت (tabʕat) | ||||||
present | m | بتبع (batbaʕ) | بتتبع (btitbaʕ) | بتبع (bitbaʕ) | منتبع (mnitbaʕ) | بتتبعو (btitbaʕu) | بتبعو (bitbaʕu) | |
f | بتتبعي (btitbaʕi) | بتتبع (btitbaʕ) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أتبع (ʔatbaʕ) | تتبع (titbaʕ) | يتبع (yitbaʕ) | نتبع (nitbaʕ) | تتبعو (titbaʕu) | يتبعو (yitbaʕu) | |
f | تتبعي (titbaʕi) | تتبع (titbaʕ) | ||||||
imperative | m | اتبع (itbaʕ) | اتبعو (itbaʕu) | |||||
f | اتبعي (itbaʕi) |
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
تبّع • (tabbaʕ) II (present بتبّع (bitabbeʕ))
- to keep track
- to follow up (+ مع)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of تبّع (tabbaʕ) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | تبّعت (tabbaʕt) | تبّعت (tabbaʕt) | تبّع (tabbaʕ) | تبّعنا (tabbaʕna) | تبّعتو (tabbaʕtu) | تبّعو (tabbaʕu) | |
f | تبّعتي (tabbaʕti) | تبّعت (tabbaʕat) | ||||||
present | m | بتبّع (batabbeʕ) | بتتبّع (bittabbeʕ) | بتبّع (bitabbeʕ) | منتبّع (mintabbeʕ) | بتتبّعو (bittabbʕu) | بتبّعو (bitabbʕu) | |
f | بتتبّعي (bittabbʕi) | بتتبّع (bittabbeʕ) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اتبّع (atabbeʕ) | تتبّع (ttabbeʕ) | يتبّع (ytabbeʕ) | نتبّع (ntabbeʕ) | تتبّعو (ttabbʕu) | يتبّعو (ytabbʕu) | |
f | تتبّعي (ttabbʕi) | تتبّع (ttabbeʕ) | ||||||
imperative | m | تبّع (tabbeʕ) | تبّعو (tabbʕu) | |||||
f | تبّعي (tabbʕi) |