درود

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (drwd /⁠drōd⁠/, “well-being, health, welfare”), from Old Persian *druwatā-, from 𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎺 (du-u-ru-u-v /⁠duruva-⁠/, “secure, healthy”), from Proto-Iranian *druwáh. Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁𐬝 (druuatāt̰, “health”) (from 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀- (druua-)) and Sanskrit ध्रुव (dhruvá, “fixed, immovable; firm”). Related to Old Armenian դրուատ (druat). As a greeting compare Russian здоро́во (zdoróvo, “hi”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [da.ɾoːð], [da.ɾuːð], [du.ɾuːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾud̪̥], [d̪u.ɾud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾɵd̪], [d̪ä.ɾud̪], [d̪u.ɾud̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	darōḏ, darūḏ, durūḏ
Dari reading?	darūd, durūd
Iranian reading?	darud, dorud
Tajik reading?	darüd, darud, durud

• Rhymes: -uːd

Interjection

درود • (dorud)

1. hello; hi; hail

Noun

درود • (dorud)

1. greeting, salutation

   سلام و درود از خراسان ― salâm o dorud az xorasân ― hello and greetings from Khorasan (Formal Khorasani Persian)

2. health; well-being; welfare

Descendants

• → Bengali: দরূদ (dorud)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: दुरूद (durūd)

  Urdu: دُرُود (durūd)

  • → English: durood
• → Punjabi: دَرُود (darūd)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Also see دار (dâr), درخت (deraxt). Aghwan 𐔳𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐔳 (durud) is an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [da.ɾuːð], [du.ɾuːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾud̪̥], [d̪u.ɾud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾud̪], [d̪u.ɾud̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	darūḏ, durūḏ
Dari reading?	darūd, durūd
Iranian reading?	darud, dorud
Tajik reading?	darud, durud

Noun

درود • (dorud)

1. (uncommon) timber
2. (uncommon or Iran) plank

Derived terms

• درگر (dorgar, “carpenter”)

See also

• نجار (najâr, “carpenter”)

Urdu

Etymology

First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi درود (drvd /⁠drūd⁠/), borrowed from Classical Persian درود (durūd), from Middle Persian drwd (drōd).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪/
• (colloquial, Punjabic Urdu) IPA^(key): [d̪ə.ɾuːd̪]
• Rhymes: -uːd̪
• Hyphenation: دُ‧رُود

Noun

دُرُود • (durūd) m (Hindi spelling दुरूद)

1. blessing, salutation
2. (Islam) Salawat (durood – the uttering of specific phrases to bless the prophet Muhammad whenever he is mentioned or encountered in a text)

   Synonym: سَلام (salām)

3. (by extension) Ellipsis of دُرُود شَرِیف (durūd śarīf).

Declension

Declension of درود
	singular	plural
direct	دُرُود (durūd)	دُرُود (durūd)
oblique	دُرُود (durūd)	دُرُودوں (durūdõ)
vocative	دُرُود (durūd)	دُرُودو (durūdo)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• دُرُود و سَلام (durūd-o-salām, “benedictions and blessings on Prophet Muhammad”)
• فاتِحَہ دُرُود (fātiha^h-durūd, “assembly convened to offer prayers for the dead”)
• دَم دُرُود (dam-durūd, “blowing incantations or prayers, courage, guts, power to stand up to”)

Descendants

• → English: durood

Further reading

More information

• “درود”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “درود”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “درود”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “درود”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834) “درود”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC