سلام

Arabic edit

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Etymology 1 edit

Semantic loan from Aramaic שְׁלָמָא / ܫܠܵܡܵܐ (šəlāmā, “wholeness, welfare; peace”, used as a greeting)

Cognate with Hebrew שלום (shalóm).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sa.laːm/
Audio (file)

Noun edit

سَلَام • (salām) m

verbal noun of سَلِمَ (salima) (form I), well-being
peace
greeting

Declension edit

Declension of noun سَلَام (salām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَام salām	السَّلَام as-salām	سَلَام salām
Nominative	سَلَامٌ salāmun	السَّلَامُ as-salāmu	سَلَامُ salāmu
Accusative	سَلَامًا salāman	السَّلَامَ as-salāma	سَلَامَ salāma
Genitive	سَلَامٍ salāmin	السَّلَامِ as-salāmi	سَلَامِ salāmi

Derived terms edit

ٱلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ (s-salāmu ʕalaykum)
وَعَلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَامُ (waʕalaykumu s-salāmu)
عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi s-salāmu)
سَلَامُ ٱللَّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ (salāmu llāhi ʕalayhi)
عَلَيْهِ ٱلصَّلَاةُ وَٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi ṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu)

Interjection edit

سَلَام • (salām)

salutation; greeting

Descendants edit

Maltese: sliem
→ Azerbaijani: salam
→ Bashkir: сәләм (sələm)
→ Central Kurdish: سڵاو (siḷaw)
→ Chechen: салам (salam)
→ Chinese:
Dungan: сэляму (seli͡amu)

Mandarin: 色蘭／色兰 (sèlán), 薩拉姆／萨拉姆 (sàlāmǔ)
→ Chuvash: салам (salam)
→ Classical Persian: سلام (salām)
- → Bengali: সেলাম (śelam), সালাম (salam)
- → Gujarati: સલામ (salām)
- → Hindustani:
  Hindi: सलाम (salām)
  Urdu: سلام (salām)
  - → Mauritian Creole: salam
- → Kazakh: сәлем (sälem)
- → Kyrgyz: салам (salam)
- → Marathi: सलाम (salām)
- → Mazanderani: سلام (selâm)
- → Nepali: सलाम (salām)
- → Punjabi: ਸਲਾਮ (salām)
- → Pashto: سلام (salām)
- → Sindhi: (salāmu)
  Arabic script: سَلامُ
  Devanagari script: सलामु
- → Telugu: సలాము (salāmu), సలాం (salāṁ)
- → Turkmen: salam, selam
- → Uyghur: سالام (salam)
- → Uzbek: salom
→ English: salaam
→ Finnish: salaam
→ French: salam
→ Georgian: სალამი (salami)
→ German: Salam
→ Greek: σαλάμ (salám)
→ Hebrew: סלאם (salam)
→ Hungarian: szálem
→ Japanese: サラーム (sarāmu)
→ Korean: 살람 (sallam)
→ Lak: салам (salam)
→ Lezgi: салам (salam)
→ Malagasy: salama
→ Malay: salam
- Indonesian: salam
→ Maranao: salam
→ Middle Armenian: սալամ (salam), սէլամ (sēlam)
→ Northern Kurdish: selam, silav
→ Ossetian: салам (salam)
→ Ottoman Turkish: سلام (selam), սէլամ (selam)
- Turkish: selam
- → Albanian: selam
- → Cappadocian Greek: σελάμι (selámi)
→ Polish: salam
→ Portuguese: salama
→ Russian: саля́м (saljám), селя́м (seljám), сала́м (salám), сало́м (salóm)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: сѐла̄м

Latin script: sèlām
→ Swahili: salamu, salaam
→ Tatar: сәлам (sälam)
→ Vietnamese: xa-lam

References edit

Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 175

Etymology 2 edit

Belonging to the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /si.laːm/

Noun edit

سِلَام • (silām) m

verbal noun of سَالَمَ (sālama) (form III)

Declension edit

Declension of noun سِلَام (silām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلَام silām	السِّلَام as-silām	سِلَام silām
Nominative	سِلَامٌ silāmun	السِّلَامُ as-silāmu	سِلَامُ silāmu
Accusative	سِلَامًا silāman	السِّلَامَ as-silāma	سِلَامَ silāma
Genitive	سِلَامٍ silāmin	السِّلَامِ as-silāmi	سِلَامِ silāmi

Noun edit

سِلَام • (silām) m

plural of variety of سَلِم (salim, “stones”), or alternative collective
plural of variety of سَلَْم (salam, “Acacia ehrenbergiana”)

Declension edit

Declension of noun سِلَام (silām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلَام silām	السِّلَام as-silām	سِلَام silām
Nominative	سِلَامٌ silāmun	السِّلَامُ as-silāmu	سِلَامُ silāmu
Accusative	سِلَامًا silāman	السِّلَامَ as-silāma	سِلَامَ silāma
Genitive	سِلَامٍ silāmin	السِّلَامِ as-silāmi	سِلَامِ silāmi

References edit

Wehr, Hans (1979) “سلم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Central Kurdish edit

Alternative forms edit

سڵاو (səɫaːw)

Etymology edit

From Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sælaːm/

Noun edit

سلام (sælaːm)

Mazanderani edit

Interjection edit

سلام (selâm)

hello

Ottoman Turkish edit

Alternative forms edit

սէլամ (selam) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Noun edit

سلام • (selam)

greetings

Derived terms edit

سلاملق (selamlık, “selamlik”)

Descendants edit

Turkish: selam
→ Albanian: selam
→ Cappadocian Greek: σελάμι (selámi)

Persian edit

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

سلام

Wikipedia ^fa

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

Pronunciation edit

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.ˈlɑːm]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.lɑ́ːm]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.lɑ́ːm]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.lɔ́ːm]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæ.lɒ́ːm]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.lɔ́m]

Readings
Classical reading^?	salām
Dari reading^?	salām
Iranian reading^?	salâm
Tajik reading^?	salom

Audio (Iran) (file)

Interjection edit


Iranian Persian	سلام
Dari	سلام
Tajik	салом

سلام • (salâm)

hello, hi, hiya
― salâm ― hello!

― salâm aleykom ― hello! (more formal)

Noun edit

سلام • (salâm)

salutation; greeting
Synonym: درود (dorud)
- c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 114”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:
  به بارگاه تو چون باد را نباشد بار
  کی اتفاق مجال سلام ما افتد
  ba bārgāh-i tu čūn bād rā na-bāšad bār
  kay ittifāq-i majāl-i salām-i mā uftad
  When even the wind has no right to pass through your reception room,
  How should the opportunity for me to say hello ever come to pass?
  (Classical Persian transliteration)
(military) salute
(Islam) the salam uttered at the end of prayer

Related terms edit

سلام دادن (salâm dâdan)
سلام رساندن (salâm resândan)
سلام علیکم (salâm aleykom)
سلام کردن (salâm kardan)

Descendants edit

→ Bengali: সেলাম (śelam), সালাম (salam)
→ Gujarati: સલામ (salām)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: सलाम (salām)

Urdu: سلام (salām)
- → Mauritian Creole: salam
→ Kazakh: сәлем (sälem)
→ Kyrgyz: салам (salam)
→ Marathi: सलाम (salām)
→ Mazanderani: سلام (selâm)
→ Nepali: सलाम (salām)
→ Punjabi: ਸਲਾਮ (salām)
→ Pashto: سلام (salām)
→ Sindhi: (salāmu)
Arabic script: سَلامُ

Devanagari script: सलामु
→ Telugu: సలాము (salāmu), సలాం (salāṁ)
→ Turkmen: salam, selam
→ Uyghur: سالام (salam)
→ Uzbek: salom

Punjabi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Pronunciation edit

(Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /sə.läːmə/

Noun edit

سلام • (salām) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਲਾਮ)

Sindhi edit

Etymology edit

From Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Interjection edit

سَلامُ • (salāmu) (Devanagari सलामु)

(used by Muslims) hello, hi

Noun edit

سَلامُ • (salāmu) m (Devanagari सलामु)

peace; greeting

South Levantine Arabic edit

Root
س ل م
8 terms

Etymology edit

From Arabic سَلام (salām).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sa.laːm/, [saˈlæːm]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)

Noun edit

سلام • (salām) m (plural سلامات (salāmāt))

peace, peacefulness

Derived terms edit

السلام عليكم (as-salāmu ʕalēkom, “peace be upon you”)

Southern Kurdish edit

Alternative forms edit

سەڵام (sellam)

Etymology edit

From Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): (Ilami) /sæɫaːm/

Noun edit

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سەلام (sælaːm)

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian (salām), itself from Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Pronunciation edit

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sə.lɑːm/
Rhymes: -ɑːm
Hyphenation: سَ‧لام

Interjection edit

سَلام • (salām) (Hindi spelling सलाम)

interjection used to greet or fare adieu to someone
Clipping of السلام علیکم (al-salām 'alaikum, “hello, hi, hiya”).
سَلام! ― salām! ― hello!

سَلام عَلَیکُم!
salām 'alaikum!
hello!

Noun edit

سَلام • (salām) m (Hindi spelling सलाम)

greeting, salutation
regards
اَبُّو کو سَلام دینا
abbū ko salām denā
Send [my] regards to your father.
a salute (chiefly military but not limited to).
(literally, rare) peace

Declension edit

Declension of سلام
	singular	plural
direct	سلام (salām)	سلام (salām)
oblique	سلام (salām)	سلاموں (salāmō̃)
vocative	سلام (salām)	سلامو (salāmō)

References edit

“سلام”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“سلام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “سلام”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.

سلام

Arabic edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Interjection edit

Descendants edit

References edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

References edit

Central Kurdish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Mazanderani edit

Interjection edit

Ottoman Turkish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Noun edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Persian edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Interjection edit

Noun edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Punjabi edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Sindhi edit

Etymology edit

Interjection edit

Noun edit

South Levantine Arabic edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Derived terms edit

Southern Kurdish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Interjection edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

References edit