ܫܠܡܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܫ ܠ ܡ (š l m)
6 terms

Common Northwest Semitic, from Aramaic שְׁלָמָא (šəlāmā); compare Hebrew שָׁלוֹם (shalóm), Phoenician 𐤔𐤋𐤌 (šlm), Arabic سَلَام (salām) and Ugaritic 𐎌𐎍𐎎 (šlm /⁠šalāmu⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʃlɑːmɑː]

Interjection

ܫܠܵܡܵܐ • (šlāmā)

1. (conventional greeting) hello, hi

   Synonyms: (sometimes formal; to a man) ܫܠܵܡܵܐ ܥܲܠܘܼܟ݂ (šlāmā ˁalūḵ), (sometimes formal; to a woman) ܫܠܵܡܵܐ ܥܲܠܵܟ݂ܝ (šlāmā ˁallāḵ), (sometimes formal; to a group) ܫܠܵܡܵܐ ܥܲܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šlāmā ˁallāwḵōn)

Noun

ܫܠܵܡܵܐ • (šlāmā) m (plural ܫܠܵܡܹ̈ܐ (šlāmē))

1. (uncountable) peace (freedom from disturbance)
2. (uncountable) well-being, welfare
3. (countable) greeting, salutation, salute
4. (Christianity) pax, kiss of peace

   ܒܥܹܕܬܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܲܚ ܫܠܵܡܵܐ ܚܲܕ݇ ܠܚܲܕ݇ ܒܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܵܬ݂ܲܢ ― bˁēdtā kē yāḇaḥ šlāmā ḥa lḥa b-īḏāṯan ― In church, we give the pax (greet) each other with our hands.

5. (ecclesiastical) invocation of peace, pax vobiscum

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܠܵܡܵܐ (šlāmā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܠܵܡܝܼ (šlāmī)		ܫܠܵܡܲܢ (šlāman)
	construct	ܫܠܵܡ (šlām)	2nd person	ܫܠܵܡܘܼܟ݂ (šlāmūḵ)	ܫܠܵܡܵܟ݂ܝ (šlāmāḵ)	ܫܠܵܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šlāmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܠܵܡܵܐ (šlāmā)	3rd person	ܫܠܵܡܹܗ (šlāmēh)	ܫܠܵܡܵܗ̇ (šlāmāh)	ܫܠܵܡܗܘܿܢ (šlāmhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܠܵܡܝܼ̈ (šlāmī)		ܫܠܵܡܲܢ̈ (šlāman)
	construct	ܫܠܵܡܲܝ̈ (šlāmay)	2nd person	ܫܠܵܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šlāmūḵ)	ܫܠܵܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šlāmāḵ)	ܫܠܵܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šlāmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܠܵܡܹ̈ܐ (šlāmē)	3rd person	ܫܠܵܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šlāmūh)	ܫܠܵܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šlāmōh)	ܫܠܵܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (šlāmhōn)

Derived terms

• ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܠ ܫܠܵܡܹ̈ܐ (yāḇēl šlāmē, “to greet”)
• ܫܵܐܹܠ ܒܲܫܠܵܡܵܐ (šāˀēl bašlāmā, “to ask how one is, to ask about the health of”)

Etymology 2

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic numbers ^(edit)

		10
		ܐ. 1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: ܚܲܕ݇ (ḥa)     Ordinal: ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܵܐ (qammāyā)     Multiplier: ܚܕܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ḥdānāyā)     Fractional: ܫܲܠܡܵܐ (šalmā)

Compare Hebrew שָׁלֵם (shalém) and Arabic سَالِم (sālim).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃal.mɑː]

Adjective

ܫܲܠܡܵܐ • (šalmā) (feminine ܫܲܠܡܬ݂ܵܐ (šalmṯā), plural ܫܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (šalmē))

1. whole, perfect, complete
2. peaceful, harmonious
3. healthy, safe
4. (mathematics) whole, integral
5. (grammar) strong plural

Derived terms

• ܒܲܪ ܫܲܠܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (bar šalmūṯā, “agreeable person”)
• ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܫܲܠܡܵܐ (gaḇrā šalmā, “adult”)
• ܫܲܠܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šalmūṯā, “completion”)
• ܫܲܠܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (šalmūṯānāyā, “consensual”)
• ܫܲܠܡܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (šalmāˀīṯ, “entirely, fully”)

 

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

• Aramaic: שְׁלָמָא

Etymology 1

Hera and Athena handshaking, late 5th century BC, Acropolis Museum, Athens

From the root ܫ-ܠ-ܡ (š-l-m) related to completing; compare Phoenician 𐤔𐤋𐤌 (šlm), Hebrew שָׁלוֹם (šālōm), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎍𐎎 (šlm /⁠šalāmu⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʃ(ə.)ˈlɑ.mɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃlɑ.mɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃlo.mo]

Interjection

ܫܠܵܡܵܐ or ܫܠܳܡܳܐ • (šəlāmā or šlomo)

1. A greeting; equivalent to hello.

Noun

ܫܠܵܡܵܐ or ܫܠܳܡܳܐ • (šəlāmā or šlomo)

1. peace, wholeness, perfection, completeness

   Peshitta, Epistle to the Colossians 1:2:

   • ܫܠܡܐ ܥܡܟܘܢ ܘܛܝܒܘܬܐ ܡܢ ܐܠܗܐ ܐܒܘܢ

     šəlāmā ʿamḵōn wə-ṭaybūṯā men ʾălāhā ʾăḇūn

     Peace be with you and grace from God our Father

2. health, welfare, safety, prosperity
3. greeting, salutation, salute
4. (Christianity) pax, kiss of peace
5. (ecclesiastical) invocation of peace, pax vobiscum

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܠܡܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܠܡ	ܫܠܡܝܢ
construct	ܫܠܡ	ܫܠܡܝ
emphatic	ܫܠܡܐ	ܫܠܡܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܠܡܝ	ܫܠܡܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܠܡܟ	ܫܠܡܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܠܡܟܝ	ܫܠܡܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܠܡܗ	ܫܠܡܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܠܡܗ	ܫܠܡܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܠܡܢ	ܫܠܡܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܠܡܟܘܢ	ܫܠܡܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܠܡܟܝܢ	ܫܠܡܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܠܡܗܘܢ	ܫܠܡܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܠܡܗܝܢ	ܫܠܡܝܗܝܢ

See also

• ܫܝܢܐ (šaynā)
• ܚܘܠܡܢܐ (ḥūlmānā)

Etymology 2

From the root ܫ-ܠ-ܡ (š-l-m) related to completing; compare Hebrew שָׁלֵם (šālēm). The sense of "strong plural" is a calque of Arabic سَالِم (sālim).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃal.mɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃal.mɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑl.mo]

Adjective

ܫܠܡܐ • (šalmā) m (plural ܫܠܡܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܫܠܡܬܐ)

1. peaceful, harmonious
2. whole, perfect, unblemished, complete, entire, full, achieved
3. healthy, well, safe, sound, prosperous
4. common, accessible

Inflection

    declension of ܫܠܡܐ

masculine	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܠܡ	ܫܠܡܝܢ
construct	ܫܠܡ	ܫܠܡܝ
emphatic	ܫܠܡܐ	ܫܠܡܐ
feminine	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܠܡܐ	ܫܠܡܢ
construct	ܫܠܡܬ	ܫܠܡܬ
emphatic	ܫܠܡܬܐ	ܫܠܡܬܐ

Noun

ܫܠܡܐ • (šalmā) m (plural ܫܠܡܐ (šalmē))

1. (grammar) strong plural (as opposed to a broken plural)
2. holocaust, sacrifice, burnt offering

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܠܡܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܠܡ	ܫܠܡܝܢ
construct	ܫܠܡ	ܫܠܡܝ
emphatic	ܫܠܡܐ	ܫܠܡܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܠܡܝ	ܫܠܡܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܠܡܟ	ܫܠܡܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܠܡܟܝ	ܫܠܡܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܠܡܗ	ܫܠܡܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܠܡܗ	ܫܠܡܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܠܡܢ	ܫܠܡܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܠܡܟܘܢ	ܫܠܡܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܠܡܟܝܢ	ܫܠܡܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܠܡܗܘܢ	ܫܠܡܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܠܡܗܝܢ	ܫܠܡܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Pronunciation 1

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑl.mɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑl.mɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃol.mo]

Participle

ܫܠܡܐ • (šālmā)

1. peal feminine absolute singular active participle of ܫܠܡ
2. peal masculine emphatic singular active participle of ܫܠܡ

Pronunciation 2

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑl.me]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑl.me]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃol.me]

Participle

ܫܠܡܐ • (šālmē)

1. peal masculine emphatic plural active participle of ܫܠܡ

References

• “šlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-06-15
• “šlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-06-15
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 370b, 371a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 582a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1567b-1568a

Turoyo

Etymology

From Aramaic שְׁלָמָא (šəlāmā).

Interjection

ܫܠܳܡܐ • (šlomo)

1. A greeting; equivalent to hello.

Noun

ܫܠܳܡܐ • (šlomo) m

1. peace

Western Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic שְׁלָמָא (šəlāmā).

Interjection

ܫܠܳܡܰܐ (slōma)

1. A greeting; equivalent to hello.

Noun

ܫܠܳܡܰܐ (slōma)

1. peace