قوس

See also: قوش

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ق و س (q w s)
4 terms

Compare Ugaritic 𐎖𐎌𐎚 (qšt), Akkadian 𒄑𒉼 (qaštum), Hebrew קֶשֶׁת (qéšeṯ), Ge'ez ቀስት (ḳäst), ቀሥት (ḳäśt), ቀስተም (ḳästäm), ቀስታም (ḳästam), Amharic ቀስት (ḳäst), Tigrinya ቀስቲ (ḳästi), Tigre ቀሽ (ḳäš).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.wi.sa/

Verb

قَوِسَ • (qawisa) I (non-past يَقْوَسُ (yaqwasu), verbal noun قَوَس (qawas))

1. to be/become bent/curved
2. to form or make a curved shape

Conjugation

    Conjugation of قَوِسَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun قَوَس)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						قَوَس qawas
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						أَقْوَس ʔaqwas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَوِسْتُ qawistu	قَوِسْتَ qawista	قَوِسَ qawisa		قَوِسْتُمَا qawistumā	قَوِسَا qawisā		قَوِسْنَا qawisnā	قَوِسْتُمْ qawistum	قَوِسُوا qawisū
	f		قَوِسْتِ qawisti	قَوِسَتْ qawisat			قَوِسَتَا qawisatā			قَوِسْتُنَّ qawistunna	قَوِسْنَ qawisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْوَسُ ʔaqwasu	تَقْوَسُ taqwasu	يَقْوَسُ yaqwasu		تَقْوَسَانِ taqwasāni	يَقْوَسَانِ yaqwasāni		نَقْوَسُ naqwasu	تَقْوَسُونَ taqwasūna	يَقْوَسُونَ yaqwasūna
	f		تَقْوَسِينَ taqwasīna	تَقْوَسُ taqwasu			تَقْوَسَانِ taqwasāni			تَقْوَسْنَ taqwasna	يَقْوَسْنَ yaqwasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْوَسَ ʔaqwasa	تَقْوَسَ taqwasa	يَقْوَسَ yaqwasa		تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	يَقْوَسَا yaqwasā		نَقْوَسَ naqwasa	تَقْوَسُوا taqwasū	يَقْوَسُوا yaqwasū
	f		تَقْوَسِي taqwasī	تَقْوَسَ taqwasa			تَقْوَسَا taqwasā			تَقْوَسْنَ taqwasna	يَقْوَسْنَ yaqwasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْوَسْ ʔaqwas	تَقْوَسْ taqwas	يَقْوَسْ yaqwas		تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	يَقْوَسَا yaqwasā		نَقْوَسْ naqwas	تَقْوَسُوا taqwasū	يَقْوَسُوا yaqwasū
	f		تَقْوَسِي taqwasī	تَقْوَسْ taqwas			تَقْوَسَا taqwasā			تَقْوَسْنَ taqwasna	يَقْوَسْنَ yaqwasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْوَسْ iqwas			اِقْوَسَا iqwasā				اِقْوَسُوا iqwasū
	f		اِقْوَسِي iqwasī							اِقْوَسْنَ iqwasna

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qaw.wa.sa/

Verb

قَوَّسَ • (qawwasa) II (non-past يُقَوِّسُ (yuqawwisu), verbal noun تَقْوِيس (taqwīs))

1. to bend, to curve, to write

Conjugation

    Conjugation of قَوَّسَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَقْوِيس)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَقْوِيس taqwīs
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُقَوِّس muqawwis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُقَوَّس muqawwas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَوَّسْتُ qawwastu	قَوَّسْتَ qawwasta	قَوَّسَ qawwasa		قَوَّسْتُمَا qawwastumā	قَوَّسَا qawwasā		قَوَّسْنَا qawwasnā	قَوَّسْتُمْ qawwastum	قَوَّسُوا qawwasū
	f		قَوَّسْتِ qawwasti	قَوَّسَتْ qawwasat			قَوَّسَتَا qawwasatā			قَوَّسْتُنَّ qawwastunna	قَوَّسْنَ qawwasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَوِّسُ ʔuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسُ tuqawwisu	يُقَوِّسُ yuqawwisu		تُقَوِّسَانِ tuqawwisāni	يُقَوِّسَانِ yuqawwisāni		نُقَوِّسُ nuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسُونَ tuqawwisūna	يُقَوِّسُونَ yuqawwisūna
	f		تُقَوِّسِينَ tuqawwisīna	تُقَوِّسُ tuqawwisu			تُقَوِّسَانِ tuqawwisāni			تُقَوِّسْنَ tuqawwisna	يُقَوِّسْنَ yuqawwisna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَوِّسَ ʔuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسَ tuqawwisa	يُقَوِّسَ yuqawwisa		تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	يُقَوِّسَا yuqawwisā		نُقَوِّسَ nuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسُوا tuqawwisū	يُقَوِّسُوا yuqawwisū
	f		تُقَوِّسِي tuqawwisī	تُقَوِّسَ tuqawwisa			تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā			تُقَوِّسْنَ tuqawwisna	يُقَوِّسْنَ yuqawwisna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَوِّسْ ʔuqawwis	تُقَوِّسْ tuqawwis	يُقَوِّسْ yuqawwis		تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	يُقَوِّسَا yuqawwisā		نُقَوِّسْ nuqawwis	تُقَوِّسُوا tuqawwisū	يُقَوِّسُوا yuqawwisū
	f		تُقَوِّسِي tuqawwisī	تُقَوِّسْ tuqawwis			تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā			تُقَوِّسْنَ tuqawwisna	يُقَوِّسْنَ yuqawwisna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَوِّسْ qawwis			قَوِّسَا qawwisā				قَوِّسُوا qawwisū
	f		قَوِّسِي qawwisī							قَوِّسْنَ qawwisna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُوِّسْتُ quwwistu	قُوِّسْتَ quwwista	قُوِّسَ quwwisa		قُوِّسْتُمَا quwwistumā	قُوِّسَا quwwisā		قُوِّسْنَا quwwisnā	قُوِّسْتُمْ quwwistum	قُوِّسُوا quwwisū
	f		قُوِّسْتِ quwwisti	قُوِّسَتْ quwwisat			قُوِّسَتَا quwwisatā			قُوِّسْتُنَّ quwwistunna	قُوِّسْنَ quwwisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَوَّسُ ʔuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسُ tuqawwasu	يُقَوَّسُ yuqawwasu		تُقَوَّسَانِ tuqawwasāni	يُقَوَّسَانِ yuqawwasāni		نُقَوَّسُ nuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسُونَ tuqawwasūna	يُقَوَّسُونَ yuqawwasūna
	f		تُقَوَّسِينَ tuqawwasīna	تُقَوَّسُ tuqawwasu			تُقَوَّسَانِ tuqawwasāni			تُقَوَّسْنَ tuqawwasna	يُقَوَّسْنَ yuqawwasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَوَّسَ ʔuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسَ tuqawwasa	يُقَوَّسَ yuqawwasa		تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	يُقَوَّسَا yuqawwasā		نُقَوَّسَ nuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسُوا tuqawwasū	يُقَوَّسُوا yuqawwasū
	f		تُقَوَّسِي tuqawwasī	تُقَوَّسَ tuqawwasa			تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā			تُقَوَّسْنَ tuqawwasna	يُقَوَّسْنَ yuqawwasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَوَّسْ ʔuqawwas	تُقَوَّسْ tuqawwas	يُقَوَّسْ yuqawwas		تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	يُقَوَّسَا yuqawwasā		نُقَوَّسْ nuqawwas	تُقَوَّسُوا tuqawwasū	يُقَوَّسُوا yuqawwasū
	f		تُقَوَّسِي tuqawwasī	تُقَوَّسْ tuqawwas			تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā			تُقَوَّسْنَ tuqawwasna	يُقَوَّسْنَ yuqawwasna

Etymology 1.3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qaws/

Noun

قَوْس • (qaws) m or f (plural أَقْواس (ʔaqwās) or قُسِيّ (qusiyy) or قِسِيّ (qisiyy))

1. bow, curve, twist
2. (weaponry) bow
3. (architecture) bow, arch, vault
4. (typography) parenthesis, bracket

Declension

Declension of noun قَوْس (qaws)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَوْس qaws	الْقَوْس al-qaws	قَوْس qaws
nominative	قَوْسٌ qawsun	الْقَوْسُ al-qawsu	قَوْسُ qawsu
accusative	قَوْسًا qawsan	الْقَوْسَ al-qawsa	قَوْسَ qawsa
genitive	قَوْسٍ qawsin	الْقَوْسِ al-qawsi	قَوْسِ qawsi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَوْسَيْن qawsayn	الْقَوْسَيْن al-qawsayn	قَوْسَيْ qawsay
nominative	قَوْسَانِ qawsāni	الْقَوْسَانِ al-qawsāni	قَوْسَا qawsā
accusative	قَوْسَيْنِ qawsayni	الْقَوْسَيْنِ al-qawsayni	قَوْسَيْ qawsay
genitive	قَوْسَيْنِ qawsayni	الْقَوْسَيْنِ al-qawsayni	قَوْسَيْ qawsay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَقْواس‎; قُسِي‎; قِسِي ʔaqwās‎; qusī‎; qisī	الْأَقْواس‎; الْقُسِي‎; الْقِسِي al-ʔaqwās‎; al-qusī‎; al-qisī	أَقْواس‎; قُسِي‎; قِسِي ʔaqwās‎; qusī‎; qisī
nominative	أَقْواسٌ‎; قُسِيٌّ‎; قِسِيٌّ ʔaqwāsun‎; qusiyyun‎; qisiyyun	الْأَقْواسُ‎; الْقُسِيُّ‎; الْقِسِيُّ al-ʔaqwāsu‎; al-qusiyyu‎; al-qisiyyu	أَقْواسُ‎; قُسِيُّ‎; قِسِيُّ ʔaqwāsu‎; qusiyyu‎; qisiyyu
accusative	أَقْواسًا‎; قُسِيًّا‎; قِسِيًّا ʔaqwāsan‎; qusiyyan‎; qisiyyan	الْأَقْواسَ‎; الْقُسِيَّ‎; الْقِسِيَّ al-ʔaqwāsa‎; al-qusiyya‎; al-qisiyya	أَقْواسَ‎; قُسِيَّ‎; قِسِيَّ ʔaqwāsa‎; qusiyya‎; qisiyya
genitive	أَقْواسٍ‎; قُسِيٍّ‎; قِسِيٍّ ʔaqwāsin‎; qusiyyin‎; qisiyyin	الْأَقْواسِ‎; الْقُسِيِّ‎; الْقِسِيِّ al-ʔaqwāsi‎; al-qusiyyi‎; al-qisiyyi	أَقْواسِ‎; قُسِيِّ‎; قِسِيِّ ʔaqwāsi‎; qusiyyi‎; qisiyyi

Derived terms

• قَوْسُ قُزَح (qawsu quzaḥ, “rainbow”)
•  قَوْسِيّ (qawsiyy)
• قُوَيْس (quways, diminutive)
• قَوِسَ (qawisa, “to be bent or curved”)
• قَاسَ (qāsa, “to get the lead of; to determine the measure of”)
• قَوَّاس (qawwās)
• قَوَّسَ (qawwasa, “to bend, to curve”)
• قَاوَسَ (qāwasa, “to compare oneself to”)
• تَقَوَّسَ (taqawwasa, “to become curved or bent”)
• اِقْتَاسَ (iqtāsa, “to compare oneself to”)

Descendants

• Maltese: qaws
• → Azerbaijani: qövs
• → Ge'ez: ቀውስ (ḳäws)
• → Classical Malay: kaus
  • Malay: kaus
    • Indonesian: kaus
• → Ottoman Turkish: قوس (kavs, kavis)
  • Turkish: kavis
  • Crimean Tatar: qavus

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

• (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /qoːs/

Noun

قوس • (qōs) m (plural اقواس (aqwās))

1. arch
2. bow (tool)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق و س
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡoːs/, [ˈɡo̞ːs]

Noun

قوس • (gōs) m (plural أَقْواس (ʔagwās))

1. arch
2. bow (used in hunting or wars)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔoːs/, [ʔoːs]

Noun

قوس • (ʔōs) m (plural أقواس (ʔaʔwās))

1. arch, bow
2. rainbow
3. (astrology) Sagittarius

See also

Zodiac signs in South Levantine Arabic · الأبراج (il-ʔabrāj) (layout · text)
الحمل (il-ḥamal, “Aries”)	التور (it-tōr, “Taurus”)	الجوزاء (il-jōzāʔ, “Gemini”)	السرطان (is-saraṭān, “Cancer”)
الأسد (il-ʔasad, “Leo”)	العذراء (il-ʕazrāʔ, “Virgo”)	الميزان (il-mīzān, “Libra”)	العقرب (il-ʕaqrab, “Scorpio”)
القوس (il-qōs, “Sagittarius”)	الجدي (il-jadi, “Capricorn”)	الدلو (id-dalu, “Aquarius”)	الحوت (il-ḥūt, “Pisces”)