گرد
Central Kurdish
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editگرد (gird)
- hill (elevated location)
Khalaj
editNoun
editگَرد (gərd) (definite accusative گَردی, plural گَردلَر)
Declension
editPersian
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Persian [script needed] (wrd-), [script needed] (wlt- /ward-/, “to turn, twist, writhe”), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎫 (vart-), from the Proto-Iranian root *wart- (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wart-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, rotate”).[1][2]
Cognates include Sanskrit वर्त्ति (vártti), वर्तते (vártate, “to turn, roll”), Proto-Slavic *vьrtě̀ti (“to turn”), Latin vertere (“to turn”), German werden (“to turn (into), become”), English worth; also Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙- (varət-), Khotanese [script needed] (bal- /baḍ-/, “to move, writhe”), Parthian [script needed] (wrt-), [script needed] (wrd-), Sogdian wrtn.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡiɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡʲeɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡiɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | gird |
Dari reading? | gird |
Iranian reading? | gerd |
Tajik reading? | gird |
Adjective
editDari | گرد |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | гирд |
گرد • (gerd)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle Persian [script needed] (gard, “dust”),[3] ultimately from the same root as the verb گَشتَن (gaštan, “to wander around”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡaɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡʲæɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡäɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | gard |
Dari reading? | gard |
Iranian reading? | gard |
Tajik reading? | gard |
Noun
editگرد • (gard)
Related terms
edit- گرده (garde, “pollen”)
Descendants
edit- → Khalaj: gərd
Etymology 3
editFrom Middle Persian [script needed] (gurd, “hero”).[4]
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡuɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡ̥oɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡuɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | gurd |
Dari reading? | gurd |
Iranian reading? | gord |
Tajik reading? | gurd |
Noun
editگرد • (gord)
References
edit- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*u̯art”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 423–425
- ^ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 514
- ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gard”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 35
- ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gurd”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 38
- Central Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Central Kurdish lemmas
- Central Kurdish nouns
- Khalaj lemmas
- Khalaj nouns
- Khalaj terms in Arabic script
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wert-
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Old Persian
- Persian terms derived from Old Persian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian adjectives
- Persian nouns