werden
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
werden
- plural past indicative and subjunctive of worden
AnagramsEdit
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German wërden, from Old High German werdan, from Proto-West Germanic *werþan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.
Cognate with Dutch worden, Swedish varda, Norwegian Nynorsk verta, obsolete English worth (“to become”) and also with Latin vertere (“to turn”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
werden (irregular, third-person singular present wird, past tense wurde or (archaic) ward, past participle geworden or (as an auxiliary) worden, past subjunctive würde, auxiliary sein)
- (auxiliary, with an infinitive, past participle geworden) will; to be going (to do something); forms the future tense
- Ich werde nach Hause gehen.
- I will go home.
- (auxiliary, with a past participle, past participle worden) to be done; forms the passive voice
- Das Buch wird gerade gelesen. (present tense)
- The book is being read.
- Ich wurde in Europa geboren. (preterite tense)
- I was born in Europe.
- Er war geschlagen worden. (past perfect tense)
- He had been beaten.
- (copulative, past participle geworden) to become; to get; to grow; to turn
- Es wird heißer.
- It's getting hotter.
- (with a dative object and certain adjectives) to begin or come to feel or experience (a condition)
- Usage: In this sense werden is always conjugated in the third person singular and takes a dative noun. The impersonal subject es may be present, but is often taken as implied. (See the usage note for a similar meaning of sein.)
- Wird dir kalt? ― Are you getting cold?
- Den Kindern wird langweilig. ― The children are getting bored.
- Von Mayonnaise wird mir schlecht.
- Mayonnaise makes me sick. (Literally: From mayonnaise I become sick.)
- (copulative, colloquial) to be, to happen, to occur (in the future)
- Wir werden zusammen glücklich.
- We will be happy together.
- Was wird aus mir?
- What will become of me?
- (colloquial) to be going to work
- Das wird so nichts.
- It will not work like that.
- Synonyms: klappen, funktionieren
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | werden | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | werdend | ||||
past participle | geworden worden1 | ||||
auxiliary | sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
present | ich werde | wir werden | i | ich werde | wir werden |
du wirst | ihr werdet | du werdest | ihr werdet | ||
er wird | sie werden | er werde | sie werden | ||
preterite | ich wurde ich ward2 |
wir wurden | ii | ich würde | wir würden |
du wurdest du wardst2 |
ihr wurdet | du würdest | ihr würdet | ||
er wurde er ward2 |
sie wurden | er würde | sie würden | ||
imperative | werd (du) werde (du) |
werdet (ihr) |
1As an auxiliary.
2Archaic.
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “werden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “werden” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “werden” in OpenThesaurus.de
- “werden (with past participle worden)” in Duden online
- “werden (with past participle geworden)” in Duden online
Middle DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Dutch werthan, from Proto-West Germanic *werþan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
werden
InflectionEdit
Strong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | werden | |
3rd sg. past | wart | |
3rd pl. past | worden | |
Past participle | geworden | |
Infinitive | werden | |
In genitive | werdens | |
In dative | werdene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | werde | wart |
2nd singular | werts, werdes | worts, wordes |
3rd singular | wert, werdet | wart |
1st plural | werden | worden |
2nd plural | wert, werdet | wort, wordet |
3rd plural | werden | worden |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | werde | worde |
2nd singular | werts, werdes | wordes |
3rd singular | werde | worde |
1st plural | werden | worden |
2nd plural | wert, werdet | wordet |
3rd plural | werden | worden |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | wert, werde | |
Plural | wert, werdet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | werdende | geworden |
Alternative formsEdit
- worden (late)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “werden (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “werden (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Middle High GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old High German werdan, from Proto-West Germanic *werþan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną. Cognate with Dutch worden and obsolete English worth (“to become”).
VerbEdit
wërden
- to become
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | wërden | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | wërdende | ||||
past participle | geworden | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
present | ich wirde | wir wërden | i | ich wërde | wir wërden |
du wirdest | ir wërdet | du wërdest | ir wërdet | ||
ër wirdet | sie wërdent | ër wërdet | sie wërden | ||
preterite | ich ward | wir wurden | ii | ich würde | wir würden |
du würde | ir wurdet | du würdest | ir würdet | ||
ër ward | sie wurden | ër würde | sie würden | ||
imperative | wird (du) | wërden (wir) | wërdet (ir) |
DescendantsEdit
- Alemannic German: wërde
- Swabian: werra
- Central Franconian: wääde, wääre
- German: werden
- Luxembourgish: wäerten
- Pennsylvania German: waerre
- Yiddish: ווערן (vern)
Middle Low GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Saxon wērthan (“to become”), from Proto-West Germanic *werþan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.
PronunciationEdit
- Stem vowel: ê²
- (originally) IPA(key): /wɛːrdən/ or IPA(key): /wærdən/
- While the combination /rd/ originally lengthened the vowel in Old Saxon, in several Middle Low German dialects it was treated like a geminate, or had actually become /r/, and in turn shortened long vowels occurring before it. Further, the vowel was shortened before /rt/ from final obstruent devoicing. Dialects then often begun to apply the more common vowel length across all forms.
VerbEdit
wêrden or werden
- to become
- auxiliary verb used to form the passive
ConjugationEdit
Plain Infinitive | werden | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Full Infinitive (Gerund) | tô werdene or tô werdende | |||
Verbal Noun | werden or werdent | |||
Participles | Imperatives | |||
Present | werdende | 2nd Person Singular | wert | |
Past | geworden | 2nd Person Plural | werdet | |
Indicative | Subjunctive | |||
Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | |
1st Person Singular | werde | wart | werde | wörde |
2nd Person Singular | werdest or wertst | wordest or wördest | werdest | wördest |
3rd Person Singular | werdet or wert | wart | werdet | wörde |
Plural | werden (werdet?) | worden or wörden | werden | wörden |