इव

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit इव (iva).

Adverb

इव • (iva) (Urdu spelling او‎)

1. thus
2. as
3. almost

Preposition

इव • (iva) (Urdu spelling او‎)

1. as
2. like

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• iva (Latin script)
• 𑀇𑀯 (Brahmi script)
• ইৰ (Bengali script)
• ඉව (Sinhalese script)
• ဣဝ or ဢိဝ (Burmese script)
• อิว or อิวะ (Thai script)
• ᩍᩅ (Tai Tham script)
• ອິວ or ອິວະ (Lao script)
• ឥវ (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄨𑅇 (Chakma script)

Alternative forms

• va (Latin script)
• 𑀯 (Brahmi script)
• व (Devanagari script)
• ৰ (Bengali script)
• ව (Sinhalese script)
• ဝ (Burmese script)
• ว or วะ (Thai script)
• ᩅ (Tai Tham script)
• ວ or ວະ (Lao script)
• វ (Khmer script)
• 𑅇 (Chakma script)

Particle

इव

1. Devanagari script form of iva (“like, as”)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ᬇᬯ (Balinese script)
• ইৱ (Assamese script)
• ইব (Bengali script)
• 𑰂𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀇𑀯 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌇𑌵 (Grantha script)
• ઇવ (Gujarati script)
• ਇਵ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦆꦮ (Javanese script)
• ឥវ (Khmer script)
• ಇವ (Kannada script)
• ອິວ (Lao script)
• ഇവ (Malayalam script)
• 𑘂𑘪 (Modi script)
• ᢈᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• ᡳᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
• ဣဝ (Burmese script)
• 𑦢𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐂𑐰 (Newa script)
• ଇଵ (Oriya script)
• ꢄꢮ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆅𑆮 (Sharada script)
• 𑖂𑖪 (Siddham script)
• ඉව (Sinhalese script)
• ఇవ (Telugu script)
• อิว (Thai script)
• ཨི་ཝ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒃𑒫 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Compare Hittite 𒄿𒉿𒅈 (i-wa-ar /iwar/).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /i.ʋɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ʋɐ/

Adverb

इव • (iva)

1. like, in the same manner as (in this sense = यथा (yathā), and used correlatively to तथा (tathā))
2. as it were, as if

   पथेव ― patheva ― as if on a path

3. in a certain manner, in some measure, a little, perhaps (in qualification or mitigation of a strong assertion)
4. nearly, almost, about

   मुहूर्तम् इव ― muhūrtam iva ― almost an hour

5. so, just so, just, exactly, indeed, very (especially after words which involve some restriction:)

   ईषद् इव ― īṣad iva ― just a little

   किंचिद् इव ― kiṃcid iva ― just a little bit

   न चिराद् इव ― na cirād iva ― very soon

6. (as a particle) connected vaguely, and somewhat pleonastically, with an interrogative pronoun or adverb

   किम् इव ― kim iva ― what?

   कथम् इव ― katham iva ― how could that possibly be?

   क्वेव ― kveva ― where, I should like to know?

Usage notes

In the pada texts of the Rigveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda, and by native grammarians, इव (iva) is considered to be enclitic, and therefore compounded with the word after which it stands.

Descendants

• → Hindi: इव (iva) (learned)
• Pali: iva

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “इव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 168.