iva

See also: IVA, Iva, Ivã, íva, Íva, -iva, and iva'

Anuta

Etymology

Borrowed from Tikopia iva.

Numeral

iva

nine

References

Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin īva.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈi.βə]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈi.və]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈi.va]

Noun

iva f (plural ives)

southern bugle (Ajuga iva)

Derived terms

iva borda

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *jivä, variant of *jüvä, from Proto-Finno-Permic *jewä, ultimately borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *yéwos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈivɑ/, [ˈivɑ]

Noun

iva (genitive iva, partitive iva)

grain
gobbet

Declension

Declension of iva (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		iva	ivad
accusative	nom.	iva
accusative	gen.	iva
genitive		iva	ivade
partitive		iva	ivasid
illative		ivasse	ivadesse
inessive		ivas	ivades
elative		ivast	ivadest
allative		ivale	ivadele
adessive		ival	ivadel
ablative		ivalt	ivadelt
translative		ivaks	ivadeks
terminative		ivani	ivadeni
essive		ivana	ivadena
abessive		ivata	ivadeta
comitative		ivaga	ivadega

Faroese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈiːva/
Rhymes: -iːva
Hyphenation: iv‧a

Noun

iva

Anagrams

avi

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. No known cognates. First attested in Daniel Juslenius: Suomalaisen Sana-Lugun Coetus ("Attempt at Listing Finnish Words", 1745).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈiʋɑ/, [ˈiʋɑ̝]
Rhymes: -iʋɑ
Hyphenation^(key): iva

Noun

iva

ridicule, sarcasm, mockery, derision
(rare) irony
kohtalon iva ― the irony of fate

Declension

Inflection of iva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		iva	ivat
genitive		ivan	ivojen
partitive		ivaa	ivoja
illative		ivaan	ivoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		iva	ivat
accusative	nom.	iva	ivat
accusative	gen.	ivan	ivat
genitive		ivan	ivojen ivain ^rare
partitive		ivaa	ivoja
inessive		ivassa	ivoissa
elative		ivasta	ivoista
illative		ivaan	ivoihin
adessive		ivalla	ivoilla
ablative		ivalta	ivoilta
allative		ivalle	ivoille
essive		ivana	ivoina
translative		ivaksi	ivoiksi
abessive		ivatta	ivoitta
instructive		—	ivoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of iva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		ivani	ivani
accusative	nom.	ivani	ivani
accusative	gen.	ivani	ivani
genitive		ivani	ivojeni ivaini ^rare
partitive		ivaani	ivojani
inessive		ivassani	ivoissani
elative		ivastani	ivoistani
illative		ivaani	ivoihini
adessive		ivallani	ivoillani
ablative		ivaltani	ivoiltani
allative		ivalleni	ivoilleni
essive		ivanani	ivoinani
translative		ivakseni	ivoikseni
abessive		ivattani	ivoittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	ivoineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		ivasi	ivasi
accusative	nom.	ivasi	ivasi
accusative	gen.	ivasi	ivasi
genitive		ivasi	ivojesi ivaisi ^rare
partitive		ivaasi	ivojasi
inessive		ivassasi	ivoissasi
elative		ivastasi	ivoistasi
illative		ivaasi	ivoihisi
adessive		ivallasi	ivoillasi
ablative		ivaltasi	ivoiltasi
allative		ivallesi	ivoillesi
essive		ivanasi	ivoinasi
translative		ivaksesi	ivoiksesi
abessive		ivattasi	ivoittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	ivoinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		ivamme	ivamme
accusative	nom.	ivamme	ivamme
accusative	gen.	ivamme	ivamme
genitive		ivamme	ivojemme ivaimme ^rare
partitive		ivaamme	ivojamme
inessive		ivassamme	ivoissamme
elative		ivastamme	ivoistamme
illative		ivaamme	ivoihimme
adessive		ivallamme	ivoillamme
ablative		ivaltamme	ivoiltamme
allative		ivallemme	ivoillemme
essive		ivanamme	ivoinamme
translative		ivaksemme	ivoiksemme
abessive		ivattamme	ivoittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	ivoinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		ivanne	ivanne
accusative	nom.	ivanne	ivanne
accusative	gen.	ivanne	ivanne
genitive		ivanne	ivojenne ivainne ^rare
partitive		ivaanne	ivojanne
inessive		ivassanne	ivoissanne
elative		ivastanne	ivoistanne
illative		ivaanne	ivoihinne
adessive		ivallanne	ivoillanne
ablative		ivaltanne	ivoiltanne
allative		ivallenne	ivoillenne
essive		ivananne	ivoinanne
translative		ivaksenne	ivoiksenne
abessive		ivattanne	ivoittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	ivoinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		ivansa	ivansa
accusative	nom.	ivansa	ivansa
accusative	gen.	ivansa	ivansa
genitive		ivansa	ivojensa ivainsa ^rare
partitive		ivaansa	ivojaan ivojansa
inessive		ivassaan ivassansa	ivoissaan ivoissansa
elative		ivastaan ivastansa	ivoistaan ivoistansa
illative		ivaansa	ivoihinsa
adessive		ivallaan ivallansa	ivoillaan ivoillansa
ablative		ivaltaan ivaltansa	ivoiltaan ivoiltansa
allative		ivalleen ivallensa	ivoilleen ivoillensa
essive		ivanaan ivanansa	ivoinaan ivoinansa
translative		ivakseen ivaksensa	ivoikseen ivoiksensa
abessive		ivattaan ivattansa	ivoittaan ivoittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	ivoineen ivoinensa

Derived terms

adjectives

ivallinen

verbs

ivata

compounds

Anagrams

AVI, avi, vai, via

Interlingua

Verb

iva

past of ir

Maltese

Alternative forms

ijwa, ija, iwa (colloquial)

Etymology

From Arabic إِي وَ (ʔī wa-, “yes, by...”), which is to be followed by someone or something to swear by. Common combinations are, for example, إِي وَٱللّٰه (ʔī wa-llāh, “yes, by God”) or إِي وَرَبِّي (ʔī wa-rabbī, “yes, by my Lord”). Eventually the following word was left out. Compare the same in Hijazi Arabic إِيوَه (ʔīwa) and similar forms in other dialects. The shift from w to v is irregular, and iva is perhaps the only inherited Maltese word with this phoneme.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈiː.va/

Interjection

iva

yes
Synonym: (colloquial) eħe

Middle English

Noun

iva

Alternative form of fo

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

𑀇𑀯 (Brahmi script)
इव (Devanagari script)
ইৰ (Bengali script)
ඉව (Sinhalese script)
ဣဝ or ဢိဝ (Burmese script)
อิว or อิวะ (Thai script)
ᩍᩅ (Tai Tham script)
ອິວ or ອິວະ (Lao script)
ឥវ (Khmer script)
𑄃𑄨𑅇 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

va (Latin script)
𑀯 (Brahmi script)
व (Devanagari script)
ৰ (Bengali script)
ව (Sinhalese script)
ဝ (Burmese script)
ว or วะ (Thai script)
ᩅ (Tai Tham script)
ວ or ວະ (Lao script)
វ (Khmer script)
𑅇 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

'va (Latin script)
'व (Devanagari script)
'ৰ (Bengali script)
’ව (Sinhalese script)
'ဝ (Burmese script)
'ว or 'วะ (Thai script)
'ᩅ (Tai Tham script)
'ວ or 'ວະ (Lao script)
'វ (Khmer script)
'𑅇 (Chakma script)

Particle

iva

like, as

Pukapukan

**Pukapukan cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva Ordinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

nine
ninth

Rapa Nui

**Rapa Nui cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa. Cognates include Hawaiian iwa and Maori iwa.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈi.va/
Hyphenation: i‧va

Numeral

iva

nine

References

Veronica Du Feu (1996) Rapanui (Descriptive Grammars), Routledge, →ISBN, page 172
Paulus Kieviet (2017) A grammar of Rapa Nui‎^[2], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 147

Rarotongan

**Rarotongan cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

nine

Romani

Noun

iva

nominative plural of iv

Romansch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin ūva.

Noun

iva f (plural ivas)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran) grape

Derived terms

ivetta (“raisin”)

Samoan

**Samoan cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

nine

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьva.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ǐːʋa/
Hyphenation: i‧va

Noun

íva f (Cyrillic spelling и́ва)

osier

Declension

Declension of *iva*
	singular	plural
nominative	iva	ive
genitive	ive	iva
dative	ivi	ivama
accusative	ivu	ive
vocative	ivo	ive
locative	ivi	ivama
instrumental	ivom	ivama

References

“iva”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

South Marquesan

**South Marquesan cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

nine

Swahili

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya): (file)

Verb

-iva (infinitive kuiva)

to be ripened (e.g. of fruit)
to be cooked and ready to be eaten (of a meal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -iva

Positive present	-naiva
Subjunctive	-ive
Negative	-ivi
Imperative singular	iva

Infinitives

Positive	kuiva
Negative	kutoiva

Imperatives

Singular	iva
Plural	iveni

Tensed forms

Habitual	huiva
Positive past	positive subject concord + -liiva
Negative past	negative subject concord + -kuiva

Positive present (positive subject concord + -naiva)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		ninaiva/naiva	tunaiva
2nd person		unaiva	mnaiva
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	anaiva	wanaiva
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -naiva

Negative present (negative subject concord + -ivi)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		siivi	hatuivi
2nd person		huivi	hamwivi
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	haivi	hawaivi
3rd person	other classes	negative subject concord + -ivi

Positive future	positive subject concord + -taiva
Negative future	negative subject concord + -taiva

Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		niive	tuive
2nd person		uive	mwive
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	aive	waive
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -ive

Negative subjunctive	positive subject concord + -siive
Positive present conditional	positive subject concord + -ngeiva
Negative present conditional	positive subject concord + -singeiva
Positive past conditional	positive subject concord + -ngaliiva
Negative past conditional	positive subject concord + -singaliiva

Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aiva)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		naiva	twaiva
2nd person		waiva	mwaiva
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	aiva	waiva
	m-mi_(III/IV)	waiva	yaiva
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	laiva	yaiva
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	chaiva	vyaiva
	n_(IX/X)	yaiva	zaiva
	u_(XI)	waiva	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	kwaiva
	pa_(XVI)	paiva
	mu_(XVIII)	mwaiva

Perfect	positive subject concord + -meiva
"Already"	positive subject concord + -meshaiva
"Not yet"	negative subject concord + -jaiva
"If/When"	positive subject concord + -kiiva
"If not"	positive subject concord + -sipoiva
Consecutive	kaiva / positive subject concord + -kaiva
Consecutive subjunctive	positive subject concord + -kaive

Object concord (indicative positive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		-niiva	-tuiva
2nd person		-kuiva	-waiva/-kuiveni/-waiveni
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	-mwiva	-waiva
	m-mi_(III/IV)	-uiva	-iiva
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	-liiva	-yaiva
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-kiiva	-viiva
	n_(IX/X)	-iiva	-ziiva
	u_(XI)	-uiva	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	-kuiva
	pa_(XVI)	-paiva
	mu_(XVIII)	-muiva
Reflexive		-jiiva

Relative forms

General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -iva- + relative marker)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-ivaye	-ivao
m-mi_(III/IV)	-ivao	-ivayo
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-ivalo	-ivayo
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-ivacho	-ivavyo
n_(IX/X)	-ivayo	-ivazo
u_(XI)	-ivao	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-ivako
pa_(XVI)	-ivapo
mu_(XVIII)	-ivamo

Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -iva)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-yeiva	-oiva
m-mi_(III/IV)	-oiva	-yoiva
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-loiva	-yoiva
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-choiva	-vyoiva
n_(IX/X)	-yoiva	-zoiva
u_(XI)	-oiva	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-koiva
pa_(XVI)	-poiva
mu_(XVIII)	-moiva

Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Causative: -ivisha

Tahitian

**Tahitian cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

nine
nā taʻata/tā’ata e iva ― five people

Derived terms

iva ʻahuru

Tokelauan

**Tokelauan cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa. Cognates include Hawaiian iwa and Samoan iva.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈi.va]
Hyphenation: i‧va

Verb

iva

(stative) to be nine

References

R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎^[3], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 32

Tuvaluan

**Tuvaluan cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

nine

Zulu

Etymology

Cognate with Northern Ndebele iliva.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /íːva/

Noun

ī́va class 5 (plural améva class 6)

thorn

Inflection

Class 5/6 (locative *eveni*)
	singular		plural
full form	iva		ameva
simple form	liva		meva
locative	eveni		emeveni
copulative	yiva		ngameva
Possessive forms
	singular		plural
	modifier	substantive	modifier	substantive
class 1	weva	oweva	wameva	owameva
class 2	beva	abeva	bameva	abameva
class 3	weva	oweva	wameva	owameva
class 4	yeva	eyeva	yameva	eyameva
class 5	leva	eleva	lameva	elameva
class 6	eva	aweva	ameva	awameva
class 7	seva	eseva	sameva	esameva
class 8	zeva	ezeva	zameva	ezameva
class 9	yeva	eyeva	yameva	eyameva
class 10	zeva	ezeva	zameva	ezameva
class 11	lweva	olweva	lwameva	olwameva
class 14	beva	obeva	bameva	obameva
class 15	kweva	okweva	kwameva	okwameva
class 17	kweva	okweva	kwameva	okwameva

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-iva”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-iva (3.2.9)”

iva

Anuta

Etymology

Numeral

References

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Estonian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Faroese

Pronunciation

Noun

Anagrams

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Interlingua

Verb

Maltese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Interjection

See also

Middle English

Noun

Pali

Alternative forms

Particle

Pukapukan

Etymology

Numeral

Further reading

Rapa Nui

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

References

Rarotongan

Etymology

Numeral

Romani

Noun

Romansch

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Derived terms

Samoan

Etymology

Numeral

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

South Marquesan

Etymology

Numeral

Swahili

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Tahitian

Etymology