धूम

See also: धीमे and धीमा

Hindi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ʱuːm/

Etymology 1

Noun

धूम • (dhūm) m

1. fun, blast

   धूम मचाना ― dhūm macānā ― to have fun

2. noise, clamor

Derived terms

• धूम-धाम (dhūm-dhām)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Doublet of धुआँ (dhuā̃).

Noun

धूम • (dhūm) m

1. smoke

Derived terms

• धूमकेतु (dhūmketu)
• धूमपट (dhūmpaṭ)
• धूमपोत (dhūmpot)

 

Synonyms

• धुआँ (dhuā̃)

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHmás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognate with Ancient Greek θυμός (thumós), Latin fūmus, Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d̪ʱuː.mɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ʱuː.mɐ/

Noun

धूम • (dhūmá) m

1. smoke, vapor, mist (RV. etc.)
   • 8th c., Bhavabhuti, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Prelude to act III:

     अनेन पञ्चवटी दर्शनेन / अन्तर्लीनस्य दुःखाग्नेर् / अद्योद्दामं ज्वलिष्यतः ।
     उत्पीड इव धूमस्य / मोहः प्रागावृनोति माम् ॥

     anena pañcavaṭī darśanena / antarlīnasya duḥkhāgner / adyoddāmaṃ jvaliṣyataḥ .
     utpīḍa iva dhūmasya / mohaḥ prāgāvṛnoti mām .

     The sight of Panchavati / rekindles now the fire of sorrow / that had long been dormant in my heart
     but first, like a dense pall of smoke, / a delirium envelops me.

2. smoke as a sternutatory (in 5 forms): a place prepared for the building of a house (Jyot.)
3. a place prepared for the building of a house
4. wheat (L.)
5. a kind of incense (L.)
6. saint

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of धूम (dhūmá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	धूमः dhūmáḥ	धूमौ dhūmaú	धूमाः / धूमासः¹ dhūmā́ḥ / dhūmā́saḥ¹
Vocative	धूम dhū́ma	धूमौ dhū́mau	धूमाः / धूमासः¹ dhū́māḥ / dhū́māsaḥ¹
Accusative	धूमम् dhūmám	धूमौ dhūmaú	धूमान् dhūmā́n
Instrumental	धूमेन dhūména	धूमाभ्याम् dhūmā́bhyām	धूमैः / धूमेभिः¹ dhūmaíḥ / dhūmébhiḥ¹
Dative	धूमाय dhūmā́ya	धूमाभ्याम् dhūmā́bhyām	धूमेभ्यः dhūmébhyaḥ
Ablative	धूमात् dhūmā́t	धूमाभ्याम् dhūmā́bhyām	धूमेभ्यः dhūmébhyaḥ
Genitive	धूमस्य dhūmásya	धूमयोः dhūmáyoḥ	धूमानाम् dhūmā́nām
Locative	धूमे dhūmé	धूमयोः dhūmáyoḥ	धूमेषु dhūméṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Borrowed terms

• → Hindi: धूम (dhūm)
• → Telugu: ధూమము (dhūmamu)

Descendants

• Dardic: *dhūmá
  • Dameli: [script needed] (dum)
  • Domaaki: [script needed] (dūm)
  • Kalami: [script needed] (dum)
  • Grangali: [script needed] (dum)
  • Kalasha: [script needed] (thum)
  • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (dūm)
  • Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhūm)
  • Shina: [script needed] (dum)
  • Shumashti: [script needed] (dūm)
  • Tirahi: [script needed] (dhung)
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (dum)
• Helu:
  • Dhivehi: ދުން‎ (dun)
  • Sinhalese: දුම (duma)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)
  • Assamese: ধোঁৱা (dhü̃a)
  • Bengali: ধোঁয়া (dhõya)
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: धूआँ (dhūā̃)
    • Maithili: धूआँ (dhūā̃)
  • Oriya: ଧୂଆଁ (dhūam̐)
  • Sylheti: ꠗꠥꠝꠣ (duma)
• Pali: dhūma
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)
  • Garhwali: धुवाँ (dhuvā̃)
  • Gujarati: ધૂમ (dhūm)
  • Hindustani:
    • Hindi: धूआँ (dhūā̃)
    • Urdu: دھواں‎ (dhūā̃)
  • Kumaoni: धूवाँ (dhūvā̃)
  • Nepali: धूवाँ (dhūwā̃)
  • Punjabi: ਧੂੰਆਂ (dhū̃ā̃)
  • Romani: thuv

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “धूम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0518.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “dhūmá (6849)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press