Hindi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रथ (ratha)

Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɾət̪ʰ/, [ɾɐt̪ʰ]

Noun

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रथ (rathm (Urdu spelling رتھ)

  1. a chariot
    रथ यात्राrath yātrāRath Yatra

Declension

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Declension of रथ (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct रथ
rath
रथ
rath
oblique रथ
rath
रथों
rathõ
vocative रथ
rath
रथो
ratho

Marathi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रथ (ratha).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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रथ (rathm

  1. chariot

Declension

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Declension of रथ (masc cons-stem)
direct
singular
रथ
rath
direct
plural
रथ
rath
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा
रथ
rath
रथ
rath
oblique
सामान्यरूप
रथा
rathā
रथां-
rathān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी
रथाला
rathālā
रथांना
rathānnā
ergative रथाने, रथानं
rathāne, rathāna
रथांनी
rathānnī
instrumental रथाशी
rathāśī
रथांशी
rathānśī
locative
सप्तमी
रथात
rathāt
रथांत
rathāt
vocative
संबोधन
रथा
rathā
रथांनो
rathānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of रथ (masc cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म
feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म
neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म
oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular*
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता
रथाचा
rathāċā
रथाचे
rathāċe
रथाची
rathācī
रथाच्या
rathācā
रथाचे, रथाचं
rathāċe, rathāċa
रथाची
rathācī
रथाच्या
rathācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता
रथांचा
rathānċā
रथांचे
rathānċe
रथांची
rathāñcī
रथांच्या
rathāncā
रथांचे, रथांचं
rathānċe, rathānċa
रथांची
rathāñcī
रथांच्या
rathāñcā
* Note: Word-final (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

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  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “रथ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “रथ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “रथ”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Old Gujarati

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रथ (ratha).

Noun

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रथ (ratham

  1. chariot
    • 1422, unknown, कालिकसूरिकथा:
      पुंतार पुंतारि स्यउं असवार असवारि स्यउं रथ रथि स्यउं पायक पायकि स्यउं युद्ध नीपजावइ।
      puṃtāra puṃtāri syaüṃ asavāra asavāri syaüṃ ratha rathi syaüṃ pāyaka pāyaki syaüṃ yuddha nīpajāvaï.
      Mahout with mahout, rider with rider, chariot with chariot, foot soldier with foot soldier, there was war.

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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रथ m

  1. Devanagari script form of ratha (chariot; delight)

Declension

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Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrátʰas (chariot, car), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂-os, from *Hreth₂- (to roll). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬚𐬀 (raθa, chariot, car), Latin rota, Old Irish roth, Old High German rad, Lithuanian ratas.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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रथ (rátha) stemm

  1. chariot, car, especially a two-wheeled war-chariot (lighter and swifter than the अनस् (anas)), any vehicle or equipage or carriage (applied also to the vehicles of the gods), waggon, cart
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.20.12:
      त उ॒ग्रासो॒ वृष॑ण उ॒ग्रबा॑हवो॒ नकि॑ष्ट॒नूषु॑ येतिरे।
      स्थि॒रा धन्वा॒न्यायु॑धा॒ रथे॑षु॒ वोऽनी॑के॒ष्वधि॒ श्रियः॑॥
      tá ugrā́so vṛ́ṣaṇa ugrábāhavo nákiṣṭanū́ṣu yetire.
      sthirā́ dhánvānyā́yudhā rátheṣu vóʼnīkeṣvádhi śríyaḥ.
      Fierce, vigorous, strong-armed, they need not exert (the energy of their) people; bows and arrows are ready in your chariots; the glory (of conquest) over (hostile) armies is yours.
  2. warrior, hero, champion
Declension
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Masculine a-stem declension of रथ
singular dual plural
nominative रथः (ráthaḥ) रथौ (ráthau)
रथा¹ (ráthā¹)
रथाः (ráthāḥ)
रथासः¹ (ráthāsaḥ¹)
accusative रथम् (rátham) रथौ (ráthau)
रथा¹ (ráthā¹)
रथान् (ráthān)
instrumental रथेन (ráthena) रथाभ्याम् (ráthābhyām) रथैः (ráthaiḥ)
रथेभिः¹ (ráthebhiḥ¹)
dative रथाय (ráthāya) रथाभ्याम् (ráthābhyām) रथेभ्यः (ráthebhyaḥ)
ablative रथात् (ráthāt) रथाभ्याम् (ráthābhyām) रथेभ्यः (ráthebhyaḥ)
genitive रथस्य (ráthasya) रथयोः (ráthayoḥ) रथानाम् (ráthānām)
locative रथे (ráthe) रथयोः (ráthayoḥ) रथेषु (rátheṣu)
vocative रथ (rátha) रथौ (ráthau)
रथा¹ (ráthā¹)
रथाः (ráthāḥ)
रथासः¹ (ráthāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Derived terms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 2

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From the root रम् (ram, to rejoice).

Noun

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रथ (ratha) stemm

  1. pleasure, joy, delight (compare मनोरथ (manoratha))
  2. affection, love
Declension
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Masculine a-stem declension of रथ
singular dual plural
nominative रथः (rathaḥ) रथौ (rathau) रथाः (rathāḥ)
accusative रथम् (ratham) रथौ (rathau) रथान् (rathān)
instrumental रथेन (rathena) रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) रथैः (rathaiḥ)
dative रथाय (rathāya) रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) रथेभ्यः (rathebhyaḥ)
ablative रथात् (rathāt) रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) रथेभ्यः (rathebhyaḥ)
genitive रथस्य (rathasya) रथयोः (rathayoḥ) रथानाम् (rathānām)
locative रथे (rathe) रथयोः (rathayoḥ) रथेषु (ratheṣu)
vocative रथ (ratha) रथौ (rathau) रथाः (rathāḥ)

References

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