रथ

Contents

HindiEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Sanskrit रथ (rátha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HrátHas, from Proto-Indo-European *Hret- (“to roll”).

NounEdit

रथ • (rath) m

1. a chariot

   रथ यात्रा ― rath yātrā ― Rath Yatra

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PaliEdit

NounEdit

रथ m

1. Devanagari script form of ratha

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SanskritEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ˈɽɐ.t̪ʰɐ/

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɽɐ́.t̪ʰɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɽɐ.t̪ʰɐ/

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrátʰas (“chariot, car”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hret- (“to roll”). Cognates include Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬚𐬀‎ (raθa, “chariot, car”), Latin rota, Old Irish roth, Old High German rad and Lithuanian ratas.

NounEdit

रथ • (rátha) m

1. chariot, car, especially a two-wheeled war-chariot (lighter and swifter than the अनस् (anas)), any vehicle or equipage or carriage (applied also to the vehicles of the gods), waggon, cart
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.20.12

     स्थिरा धन्वान्यायुधा रथेषु वोऽनीकेष्वधि श्रियः ॥

     sthirā dhanvānyāyudhā ratheṣu vo’nīkeṣvadhi śriyaḥ .

     Strong are your bows and strong the weapons in your cars, and glory sits on every face.

2. warrior, hero, champion

DeclensionEdit

Masculine a-stem declension of रथ (rátha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रथः ráthaḥ	रथौ ráthau	रथाः / रथासः¹ ráthāḥ / ráthāsaḥ¹
Vocative	रथ rátha	रथौ ráthau	रथाः / रथासः¹ ráthāḥ / ráthāsaḥ¹
Accusative	रथम् rátham	रथौ ráthau	रथान् ráthān
Instrumental	रथेन ráthena	रथाभ्याम् ráthābhyām	रथैः / रथेभिः¹ ráthaiḥ / ráthebhiḥ¹
Dative	रथाय ráthāya	रथाभ्याम् ráthābhyām	रथेभ्यः ráthebhyaḥ
Ablative	रथात् ráthāt	रथाभ्याम् ráthābhyām	रथेभ्यः ráthebhyaḥ
Genitive	रथस्य ráthasya	रथयोः ráthayoḥ	रथानाम् ráthānām
Locative	रथे ráthe	रथयोः ráthayoḥ	रथेषु rátheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

DescendantsEdit

• Burmese: ရထား (ra.hta:)
• Khmer: រថ (rŭət)
• Lao: ລົດ (lot), ຣົຖ (rot)
• Kannada: ರಥ (ratha)
• Telugu: రథము (rathamu)
• Thai: รถ (rót)

Derived termsEdit

• दशरथ (daśaratha)
• रथसप्तमी (rathasaptamī)
• रथोत्सव (rathotsava)

Etymology 2Edit

From verbal root रमते (√ram, “to delight, be glad, rejoice etc.”).

NounEdit

रथ • (ratha) m

1. pleasure, joy, delight (compare मनोरथ (mano-ratha))
2. affection, love

DeclensionEdit

Masculine a-stem declension of रथ
Nom. sg.	रथः (rathaḥ)
Gen. sg.	रथस्य (rathasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रथः (rathaḥ)	रथौ (rathau)	रथाः (rathāḥ)
Vocative	रथ (ratha)	रथौ (rathau)	रथाः (rathāḥ)
Accusative	रथम् (ratham)	रथौ (rathau)	रथान् (rathān)
Instrumental	रथेन (rathena)	रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām)	रथैः (rathaiḥ)
Dative	रथाय (rathāya)	रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām)	रथेभ्यः (rathebhyaḥ)
Ablative	रथात् (rathāt)	रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām)	रथेभ्यः (rathebhyaḥ)
Genitive	रथस्य (rathasya)	रथयोः (rathayoḥ)	रथानाम् (rathānām)
Locative	रथे (rathe)	रथयोः (rathayoḥ)	रथेषु (ratheṣu)

ReferencesEdit

• Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 0865