ḥmj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛmi/
  • Conventional anglicization: hemi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to give way, to yield, to retreat
2. (intransitive, imperative) turn back!
3. (transitive) to repulse, to drive away (+ r or ḥꜣ: from (a place))

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥmj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḥm, geminated stem: ḥmm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥmt, ḥmj	ḥmw, ḥm	ḥmt, ḥmwt, ḥmyt	ḥm	ḥm, ḥmy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥm8, ḥmm8	ḥr ḥmt, ḥr ḥmj	m ḥmt, m ḥmj	r ḥmt, r ḥmj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥm.n	ḥmw, ḥm, ḥmy	consecutive	ḥm.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḥmt, ḥmyt
perfective3	ḥm	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḥm.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḥm, ḥmy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḥmw, ḥm, ḥmy	ḥmw, ḥm, ḥmy	potentialis1	ḥm.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḥm, ḥmy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥm.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḥmw1, ḥmy, ḥm	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥm	ḥmy, ḥm
imperfective	ḥmm, ḥmmy, ḥmmw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥmm, ḥmmj6, ḥmmy6	ḥmm, ḥmmw5
prospective	ḥmw1, ḥmy, ḥm, ḥmtj7	—	ḥmwtj1 4, ḥmtj4, ḥmt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥmj  

ḥmj

Related terms

• ḥm (“coward”)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 79.1–79.21
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 169