出口

Chinese

		to go out; to come out; to occur to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (a measure word for dramas, plays, or operas)	mouth; (a measure word, for people, livestock or utensils)
simp. and trad. (出口)		出	口

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出口

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 出口 (deguchi)^[1]

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chūkǒu

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄎㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot¹ hau²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhut-héu
Eastern Min (BUC): chók-kāu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhut-kháu / chhut-khió

(Teochew, Peng'im): cug⁴ kao²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chūkǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄎㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chukǒu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻu¹-kʻou³
  - Yale: chū-kǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chukoou
  - Palladius: чукоу (čukou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chūkǒur
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄎㄡˇㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chukǒur
  - Wade–Giles: chʻu¹-kʻou³-ʼrh
  - Yale: chū-kǒur
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chukooul
  - Palladius: чукоур (čukour)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Note: chūkǒur - "exit".

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ceot¹ hau²
  - Yale: chēut háu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet⁷ hau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêd¹ heo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-héu
  - Hakka Romanization System: cud^ˋ heu^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cud⁵ heu³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² heu̯³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chók-kāu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-kháu
  - Tâi-lô: tshut-kháu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhutqao
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰau⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ kʰau⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ kʰau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ kʰau⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-khió
  - Tâi-lô: tshut-khió
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhutqioir
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰio⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cug⁴ kao²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuk kháu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ kʰau⁵²⁻²¹/

Noun

出口

exit (including outlets, escapes, vents, highway offramps, etc.)
火警出口 ― huǒjǐng chūkǒu ― fire exit

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “exit”): 入口 (rùkǒu)

Verb

出口

to export
to speak; to utter
噉都講得出口？ [Cantonese, trad.]
噉都讲得出口？ [Cantonese, simp.]
gam² dou¹ gong² dak¹ ceot¹ hau²? [Jyutping]
They dare say that?
(of a ship) to leave a port

Synonyms

(to speak): (Hokkien) 出喙
(to leave a port): 出港 (chūgǎng)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to export”): 進口／进口 (jìnkǒu), 入口 (rùkǒu)

Derived terms

出入口 (chūrùkǒu)
出口傷人／出口伤人
出口商 (chūkǒushāng)
出口成章 (chūkǒuchéngzhāng)
出口秀
出口轉內銷／出口转内销
出口量 (chūkǒuliàng)
出口額／出口额 (chūkǒu'é)
緊急出口／紧急出口 (jǐnjí chūkǒu)
進出口／进出口 (jìnchūkǒu)

References

^ 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), 1984, page 66

“Entry #1428”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
出	口
で Grade: 1	くち > ぐち Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) でぐち [déꜜgùchì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [de̞ɡɯ̟t͡ɕi]

Noun

出(で)口(ぐち) • (deguchi)

exit; outlet
Antonym: 入口 (iriguchi)
- 2018, “ここから、ここから”, ヒゲドライバー (lyrics) (CD), performed by 水瀬いのり, 花澤香菜, 井口裕香, and 早見沙織, ZMCZ-11855:
  長いトンネルの出口を探していた / かすかな光の匂いがしてる方へ
  We were looking for the exit of a long tunnel / Toward the faint sense of light

Descendants

→ Chinese: 出口 (chūkǒu)
→ Vietnamese: xuất khẩu
→ Korean: 출구 (chulgu)

Proper noun

出(で)口(ぐち) • (Deguchi)

a surname

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
出	口

Noun

出口 • (chulgu) (hangeul 출구)

hanja form^? of 출구 (“exit”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
出	口

Verb

出口

chữ Hán form of xuất khẩu (“to export”).

[1] 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), 1984, page 66

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-4] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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