大乘

Chinese

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	ride; mount; make use of ride; mount; make use of; take advantage of; multiply; to avail of; to ride
trad. (大乘)		大	乘
simp. #(大乘)		大	乘
Literally: “great vehicle”.

Etymology

Calque of Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Dàchéng, Dàshèng

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄥˊ, ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ sing⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tāi-sêng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Dàchéng
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Dàchéng
    • Wade–Giles: Ta⁴-chʻêng²
    • Yale: Dà-chéng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dahcherng
    • Palladius: Дачэн (Dačɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Dàshèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Dàshèng
    • Wade–Giles: Ta⁴-shêng⁴
    • Yale: Dà-shèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dahshenq
    • Palladius: Дашэн (Dašɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: daai⁶ sing⁶
    • Yale: daaih sihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ sing⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ xing⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² sɪŋ²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tāi-sêng
    • Tâi-lô: Tāi-sîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daixseeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² siɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ siɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ siɪŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: dajH|daH zyingH

Rime
Character	大	大	乘
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	船 (27)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	實證切
Baxter	dajH	daH	zyingH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ʑɨŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ʑɨŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ʑieŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dajH/	/daH/	/ʑiŋH/
Li Rong	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/d͡ʑiəŋH/
Wang Li	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/d͡ʑĭəŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑiH/	/dʱɑH/	/d͡ʑʰi̯əŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	shèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai6	do6	sing6

Noun

大乘

1. (Buddhism) Mahayana

Synonyms

• 北傳／北传 (běichuán)

Coordinate terms

• 小乘 (xiǎochéng, “Hinayana”)

Derived terms

• 大乘佛教 (Dàchéng Fójiào)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (大乘):

• → Japanese: 大(だい)乗(じょう) (daijō)
• → Korean: 대승(大乘) (daeseung)
• → Vietnamese: Đại thừa (大乘)

See also

• 上座部 (Shàngzuòbù)

References

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “大乘” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Further reading

• 大乘佛教 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^zh
• Mahayana on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Japanese

Kanji in this term
大	乘
だい Grade: 1	じょう Jinmeiyō
goon

For pronunciation and definitions of 大乘 – see the following entry.

【大乗だいじょう】 [noun] (Buddhism) Mahayana

(This term, 大乘, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
大	乘

Noun

大乘 • (daeseung) (hangeul 대승)

1. hanja form^? of 대승 (“(Buddhism) Mahayana; the great vehicle”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
大	乘

Noun

大乘

1. chữ Hán form of Đại thừa (“(Buddhism) Mahayana; the great vehicle”).