天花
Chinese edit
day; sky; heaven | flower; blossom; to spend flower; blossom; to spend; fancy pattern | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (天花) | 天 | 花 | |
simp. #(天花) | 天 | 花 | |
Literally: “heaven flower”. |
Etymology edit
Originally the Chinese translation of several Sanskrit and Pali words, including Sanskrit खपुष्प (khapuṣpa, “flower in the sky”), as well as several plant names, such as Sanskrit दिव्यपुष्प (divyapuṣpa, “oleander [heaven-flower]”) / Pali devapuppha, and Sanskrit शालपुष्प (śālapuṣpa, “confederate rose [house-flower]”).
The development from “heaven-flower” (or other interpretations of the combination) to “smallpox” is unknown. It may be due to the shape resemblance of smallpox pustules to the divine flowers in Buddhism. Compare Tibetan ལྷ་འབྲུམ (lha 'brum, “smallpox [deva-pustule]”), མེ་ཏོག (me tog, “flower; (dialectal) smallpox”), and Mongolian ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ
ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ (salkin čečeg) / салхин цэцэг (salxin ceceg, “smallpox; chickenpox [wind-flower]”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
天花
- (Buddhism) flower of the sky; divine flower, stated in the Lotus Sutra as of four kinds, two white and two red
- (literary, poetic) snowflake; snow
- (pathology) smallpox; variola
- Short for 天花板 (tiānhuābǎn, “ceiling”).
Synonyms edit
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 天花板 | |
Mandarin | Harbin | 天花板 |
Yantai (Muping) | 天棚, 仰棚 | |
Jinan | 天花板 | |
Xi'an | 天花板 | |
Yinchuan | 仰塵, 頂棚 | |
Xining | 仰塵, 頂棚, 天花板 | |
Ürümqi | 仰塵, 天花板 | |
Chengdu | 天花板, 天花板兒 | |
Guiyang | 天花板 | |
Liuzhou | 天花板 | |
Yangzhou | 天花板 | |
Nanjing | 天花板 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 天花板, 天花 |
Dongguan | 浪層, 天花板 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 天花板 |
Lichuan | 天花板 | |
Pingxiang | 天花板 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 天花板 |
Yudu | 天花板, 倒板, 天棚 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 天花板 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 仰塵, 頂棚, 天花板 cement |
Xinzhou | 幔子, 仰塵 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 天花板 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 天花板 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 天羅板, 天篷 |
Quanzhou | 天篷 | |
Taipei | 天篷 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 天篷 | |
Kaohsiung | 天篷, 天遮 | |
Yilan | 天篷, 天遮 | |
Taichung | 天篷 | |
Tainan | 天篷 | |
Hsinchu | 天篷 | |
Kinmen | 天花板 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 天花板, 天遮 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 天花板 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 倒吊枋 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 天花板 |
Wu | Shanghai | 天花板 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 天面 | |
Suzhou | 天花板 | |
Danyang | 天花板 | |
Hangzhou | 天花板 | |
Ningbo | 天花板 | |
Jinhua | 天花板 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 天花板 |
Loudi | 天花板 |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
天 | 花 |
てん Grade: 1 |
か Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
Noun edit
- snow
- a flower that blossoms in the Buddhist heaven by their tale.
- lotus-petal-shaped confetti scattering before the mortuary tablet.