瓜

See also: 爪

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

瓜 (radical 97 瓜+0, in Chinese 5 strokes, in Japanese 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹女戈人 (HVIO), four-corner 7223₀)

1. melon, gourd, cucumber
2. Kangxi radical #97, ⽠ ‎(“melon”).

Derived charactersEdit

• Index:Chinese radical/瓜
• 弧 狐 孤 蛌 瓣 𩂡

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 746, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21371
• Dae Jaweon: page 1154, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2654, character 1
• Unihan data for U+74DC

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		瓜

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 瓜
Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guā (gua¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaa¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kôa
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): koe / koa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guê¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: guā
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ
    • Wade-Giles: kua¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua
    • IPA ^(key): /ku̯a̠⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwaa¹
    • Yale: gwā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwaa¹
    • IPA ^(key): /kʷɑː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôa
    • Hakka Romanization System: gua´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gua¹
    • IPA: /ku̯a²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koe / koa
    • Tâi-lô: kue / kua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koef, koaf
    • IPA (Taipei): /kue⁴⁴/, /kua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue⁴⁴/, /kua⁴⁴/
    • Note: koe - vernacular, koa - literary.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: guê¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kue
    • IPA ^(key): /kue³³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 瓜
Mandarin	Beijing	/kua⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kua⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kuɑ²¹/
	Jinan	/kua²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kua²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kua²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kua²¹/
	Xining	/kua⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kua⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kua³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kua⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kua⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/kua⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kua⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kua̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/kuɑ³¹/
	Hefei	/kua²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kua¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kuɑ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kua³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ko⁵³/ /kua⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ko⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kuɑ³³/
	Wenzhou	/kuo³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kua³¹/
	Tunxi	/kuːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kua³³/
	Xiangtan	/kuɒ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuɑ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kua⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kuɑ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwa⁵⁵/
	Nanning	/kʷa⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kwa⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kua⁵⁵/ /kue⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kua⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kua⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kue³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kue²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠua/▼

Rime
Character	瓜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	麻 (99)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古華切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠua/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/kua/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaɨ/
Li Rong	/kua/
Wang Li	/kwa/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guā

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*kʷˤra/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷraː/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瓜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guā
Middle Chinese	‹ kwæ ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷˤra/
English	melon, gourd
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瓜
Reading #	1/1
No.	4340
Phonetic component	瓜
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	瓜
Old Chinese	/*kʷraː/

NounEdit

瓜

1. melon
2. gourd

VerbEdit

瓜

1. (Cantonese slang, humorous) to die

CompoundsEdit

Terms derived from 瓜

• 佛手瓜 (fóshǒuguā)
• 南瓜 (nánguā)
• 瓜仁, 瓜仁兒／瓜仁儿
• 瓜分 (guāfēn)
• 瓜剖豆分
• 瓜子 (guāzǐ), 瓜子兒／瓜子儿
• 瓜子臉／瓜子脸

• 瓜李之嫌
• 瓜條／瓜条
• 瓜熟蒂落
• 瓜田李下 (guātiánlǐxià)
• 瓜皮帽, 瓜皮帽兒／瓜皮帽儿
• 瓜紐／瓜纽, 瓜紐兒／瓜纽儿

• 瓜蒂 (guādì)
• 瓜蔓
• 瓜藤
• 瓜農／瓜农
• 瓜連／瓜连
• 西瓜 (xīguā)

ReferencesEdit

• (Min Nan) “Entry #1847”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

瓜

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

• On: か (ka)
• Kun: うり (uri)

CompoundsEdit

• 胡瓜 (きゅうり, ​kyūri): cucumber
• 西瓜 (すいか, ​suika): watermelon
• 南瓜 (かぼちゃ, ​kabocha): a Japanese pumpkin

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KikaiEdit

KanjiEdit

瓜 ‎(hiragana うい, romaji ui)

NounEdit

瓜 ‎(hiragana うい, romaji ui)

1. gourd

CompoundsEdit

• 胡瓜 (きうい, kiui): cucumber

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

瓜 • ‎(gwa) (hangeul 과, revised gwa, McCune-Reischauer kwa, Yale kwa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

瓜 (qua, dưa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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YoronEdit

KanjiEdit

瓜 ‎(hiragana うい, romaji ui)

NounEdit

瓜 ‎(hiragana うい, romaji ui)

1. cucumber, gourd