放電

Chinese

		to release; to free; to let go to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out	electric; electricity; electrical
trad. (放電)		放	電
simp. (放电)		放	电

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàngdiàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˋ ㄉㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fong³ din⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pàng-tiān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang³ diang⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fàngdiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˋ ㄉㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàngdiàn
    • Wade–Giles: fang⁴-tien⁴
    • Yale: fàng-dyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanqdiann
    • Palladius: фандянь (fandjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fong³ din⁶
    • Yale: fong dihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fong³ din⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fong³ din⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ³³ tiːn²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-tiān
    • Tâi-lô: pàng-tiān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: parngdien
    • IPA (Xiamen): /paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ tiɛn²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ tiɛn²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɛn³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɛn³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huang³ diang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng tiăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tiaŋ³⁵/

Verb

放電

1. (physics) to discharge electricity
2. (figurative, slang) to charm someone; to make eyes at someone; to lure; to entice
3. (of children) to play outdoors (so as to "release energy")

Derived terms

• 尖端放電／尖端放电
• 弧放電／弧放电
• 放電率／放电率
• 輝光放電／辉光放电

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
放	電
ほう Grade: 3	でん Grade: 2
on’yomi	goon

Etymology

Appears to be a coinage during the Meiji era, as a compound of Middle Chinese-derived components 放 (hō, “throw, release”) +‎ 電 (den, “electricity”), possibly as a calque of English discharge. First cited to the 電気訳語集 (Denki Yakugo Shū, “Electricity Translation Term Compendium”) of 1893.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほーでん [hòódéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞ːdẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

放(ほう)電(でん) • (hōden) ^{←はうでん (fauden)?}

1. [from 1893] (physics) electrical discharge

Verb

放(ほう)電(でん)する • (hōden suru) ^{←はうでん (fauden)?}suru (stem 放(ほう)電(でん)し (hōden shi), past 放(ほう)電(でん)した (hōden shita))

1. [from 1893] (physics) to discharge electricity
   • 1999 March 6, “二つの口を持つ闇の支配者(ツーマウス・ダークルーラー) [Two-Mouth Dark Ruler]”, in Starter Box, Konami:

     口(くち)が二(ふた)つある恐(きょう)竜(りゅう)。ツノに蓄(ちく)電(でん)し、背(せ)中(なか)の口(くち)から放(ほう)電(でん)する。

     Kuchi ga futatsu aru kyōryū. Tsuno ni chikuden shi, senaka no kuchi kara hōden suru.

     A two-mouthed dinosaur that discharges out of the mouth on its back the electricity it stores in its horn.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "放電する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	放電し	ほうでんし	hōden shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	放電し	ほうでんし	hōden shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	放電する	ほうでんする	hōden suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	放電する	ほうでんする	hōden suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	放電すれ	ほうでんすれ	hōden sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	放電せよ¹ 放電しろ²	ほうでんせよ¹ ほうでんしろ²	hōden seyo¹ hōden shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	放電される	ほうでんされる	hōden sareru
Causative	放電させる 放電さす	ほうでんさせる ほうでんさす	hōden saseru hōden sasu
Potential	放電できる	ほうでんできる	hōden dekiru
Volitional	放電しよう	ほうでんしよう	hōden shiyō
Negative	放電しない	ほうでんしない	hōden shinai
Negative continuative	放電せず	ほうでんせず	hōden sezu
Formal	放電します	ほうでんします	hōden shimasu
Perfective	放電した	ほうでんした	hōden shita
Conjunctive	放電して	ほうでんして	hōden shite
Hypothetical conditional	放電すれば	ほうでんすれば	hōden sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
放	電

Noun

放電 • (bangjeon) (hangeul 방전)

1. Hanja form^? of 방전 (“electrical discharge”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
放	電

Verb

放電

1. chữ Hán form of phóng điện (“to discharge electricity”).