狼煙

See also: 狼烟

Chinese

		wolf	cigarette; tobacco; smoke
trad. (狼煙)		狼	煙
simp. (狼烟)		狼	烟

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lángyān

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ ㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): long⁴ jin¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lông-ian

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lángyān
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ ㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lángyan
    • Wade–Giles: lang²-yen¹
    • Yale: láng-yān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: langian
    • Palladius: ланъянь (lanʺjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑŋ³⁵ jɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: long⁴ jin¹
    • Yale: lòhng yīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: long⁴ jin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: long⁴ yin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ²¹ jiːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-ian
    • Tâi-lô: lông-ian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: long'iefn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² iɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² iɛn³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³⁻²² iɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ iɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²³⁻³³ iɛn⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: lang 'en

Rime
Character	狼	煙
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	魯當切	烏前切
Baxter	lang	'en
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑŋ/	/ʔen/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑŋ/	/ʔen/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑŋ/	/ʔɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/laŋ/	/ʔɛn/
Li Rong	/lɑŋ/	/ʔen/
Wang Li	/lɑŋ/	/ien/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑŋ/	/ʔien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	láng	yān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	long4	jin1

Noun

狼煙

1. smoke from the wolf dung burnt to signal warfare; fire beacon; smoke signal
2. (figurative) war; flames of war

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
狼	煙
のろし
Jinmeiyō	Grade: S
jukujikun

Alternative spellings
狼烟 烽火

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 狼煙／狼烟 (lángyān, literally “wolf smoke”), supposedly derived from the use in China of wolves' droppings in signal fires.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) のろし [nòróshí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [no̞ɾo̞ɕi]

Noun

狼煙(のろし) • (noroshi) 

1. smoke signal, skyrocket, signal fire, beacon

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
狼	煙
ろう Jinmeiyō	えん Grade: S
on'yomi

Learned borrowing from Chinese 狼煙／狼烟 (lángyān)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ろーえん [ròóéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɾo̞ːẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

狼(ろう)煙(えん) • (rōen) 

1. signal fire, beacon

Usage notes

• The jukujikun (熟字訓) reading のろし (noroshi)is more common.