皚

See also: 皑

皚 U+769A, 皚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-769A ← 皙 [U+7699] CJK Unified Ideographs 皛 → [U+769B]

Translingual

Han character

皚 (Kangxi radical 106, 白+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹日山一廿 (HAUMT), four-corner 2261₈, composition ⿰白豈)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 788, character 35
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22765
• Dae Jaweon: page 1203, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2650, character 19
• Unihan data for U+769A

Chinese

trad.		皚
simp.		皑
alternative forms		凒

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 皚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (豈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
獃	*tŋɯː, *ŋɯː
剴	*kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl
凱	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
愷	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
塏	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
鎧	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls
颽	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
暟	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
闓	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls
豈	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ
隑	*ɡɯːls, *ŋɯːl
皚	*ŋɯːl
嵦	*ŋɡɯːl
敳	*ŋɯːl
磑	*ŋɯːl, *ŋuːl, *ŋuːls
螘	*ŋralʔ, *ŋɯlʔ
覬	*krɯls
溰	*ŋɯl
顗	*ŋɯlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːl) : semantic 白 (“white”) + phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ái (ai²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄞˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngoi⁴, ngoi², oi², ji⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gâi / khái

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ái
    • Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ái
    • Wade–Giles: ai²
    • Yale: ái
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
    • Palladius: ай (aj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngoi⁴, ngoi², oi², ji⁴
    • Yale: ngòih, ngói, ói, yìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngoi⁴, ngoi², oi², ji⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngoi⁴, ngoi², oi², yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːi̯²¹/, /ŋɔːi̯³⁵/, /ɔːi̯³⁵/, /jiː²¹/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâi / khái
    • Tâi-lô: gâi / khái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gaai, qae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡai²⁴/, /kʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡai²⁴/, /kʰai⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡai¹³/, /kʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡai²⁴/, /kʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡai²³/, /kʰai⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngoj

Rime
Character	皚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五來切
Baxter	ngoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋəi/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋəj/
Li Rong	/ŋᴀi/
Wang Li	/ŋɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ái
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngoi4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɯːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皚
Reading #	1/1
No.	10113
Phonetic component	豈
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	皚
Old Chinese	/*ŋɯːl/

Definitions

皚

1. pure white; snow white

Compounds

• 白皚皚／白皑皑 (bái'ái'ái)
• 皚然／皑然
• 皚皚／皑皑 (ái'ái)

 

References

• “皚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

皚

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. white

Readings

• Go-on: がい (gai)
• Kan-on: がい (gai)
• Kun: しろい (shiroi, 皚い); さむい (samui, 皚い)

Korean

Hanja

皚 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ya)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

皚: Hán Nôm readings: ngai

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.