五
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TranslingualEdit
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
五 (radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一木一 (MDM), four-corner 10107, composition ⿱一𫝀 or ⿻丅ユ or ⿻工𠃍)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 86, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 257
- Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 11, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E94
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
五 | |
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alternative forms | 伍 financial 㐅 𠄡 𫝀 |
Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 五 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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One possibility (obviously folk etymology) is that 五 was originally written as five horizontal lines, similar to 一, 二, 三, and the obsolete 亖 (“four”), but in common writing the lines would blend together. Thus, two lines were turned vertical and the right one was shortened, to form one stroke with the middle horizontal line. An alternate hypothesis explains the original ancient form of 五 that resembled 㐅 with a bar on top and a bar on bottom, as in 𠄡. This would have meant five because when counting on a single hand, one first counts to five and then crosses back the other way to ten.
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa (“five”).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
五
- five
- A surname. Wu (mainland China, Taiwan), Ng (Hong Kong)
- (printing) The size of type between 小五 (little 5) and 小四 (little 4), standardized as 10½ point.
See alsoEdit
Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万 | 億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
CompoundsEdit
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DescendantsEdit
Others:
- → Tai: *haːᶜ (“five”)
JapaneseEdit
< 4 | 5 | 6 > |
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Cardinal : 五 | ||
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
- Kun: いつ (itsu, 五, Jōyō); いつつ (itsutsu, 五つ, Jōyō)
- Nanori: い (i); さ (sa); さつ (satsu); ち (chi); ふ (fu); み (mi); め (me)
CompoundsEdit
- 五節句 (gosekku, “the five seasonal festivals of the Japanese calendar”)
- 五悪 (Goaku, “(Buddhism) the Five Evils”)
- 五位鷺 (goisagi), 五位鷺 (goisagi, “night heron”)
- 五十歩百歩 (gojippo hyappo), 五十歩百歩 (gojuppo hyappo)
- 五音音階 (goon onkai, “pentatonic scale”)
- 五戒 (Gokai, “(Buddhism) the Five Precepts”)
- 五角形 (gokakukei), 五角形 (gokakkei, “pentagon”)
- 五官 (gokan, “the five sense organs”)
- 五感 (gokan, “the five senses”)
- 五経 (Gokyō, “(Confucianism) Four Books and Five Classics”)
- 五桁 (goketa)
- 五月 (gogatsu), 五月 (satsuki), 五月 (satsuki, “May”)
- 五言絶句 (gogonzekku)
- 五言律詩 (gogonrisshi)
- 五更 (gokō)
- 五行 (Gogyō, “Wu Xing”)
- 五穀 (gokoku)
- 五彩 (gosai)
- 五指 (goshi, “five fingers”)
- 五種競技 (goshu kyōgi, “pentathlon”)
- 五重 (itsue)
- 五旬節 (gojunsetsu)
- 五書 (gosho)
- 五女 (gojo)
- 五常 (Gojō, “the five Confucian virtues”)
- 五情 (Gojō, “the Five Passions”)
- 五色 (goshiki)
- 五人組 (Goningumi, “Five Households (Edo era civil defence units)”)
- 五人囃子 (goninbayashi)
- 五寸釘 (gosun kugi, “a long nail, roughly 15 cm in length”)
- 五節 (gosetsu)
- 五線 (gosen)
- 五臓 (gozō)
- 五体 (gotai)
- 五段 (godan)
- 五男 (gonan)
- 五斗米 (gotobei)
- 五徳 (gotoku)
- 五倍子 (fushi)
- 五風十雨 (gofū jūu, “clement weather (literally, “five days and one is windy, ten days and one is rainy”)”)
- 五分 (gobu), 五分 (gofun), 五分 (gobun)
- 五辺形 (gohenkei)
- 五面体 (gomentai, “pentahedron”)
- 五目 (gomoku, “mixture”)
- 五里霧中 (gori muchū, “totally lost, groping in the dark (literally, “five leagues in the fog”)”)
- 五稜郭 (Goryōkaku, “Goryōkaku, a star-shaped fort in Hakodate”)
- 五稜堡 (goryōho)
- 五倫 (Gorin, “Gorin, the five Confucian virtues”)
- 五輪 (Gorin, “Olympics”)
- 五芒 (gobō, “pentagram”)
- 弦楽五重奏 (gengaku gojūsō, “string quintet”)
Etymology 1Edit
Kanji in this term |
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五 |
いつ Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Derived termsEdit
- 五つ (itsutsu)
Etymology 2Edit
Kanji in this term |
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五 |
ご Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 五 (MC ŋuoX).
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
NounEdit
- five
- a name of a hole of a wind instrument
Coordinate termsEdit
Japanese numbers | |||||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Regular | 零 (rei) 零 (zero) |
一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) |
五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) |
八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) |
十 (jū) |
Formal | 壱 (ichi) | 弐 (ni) | 参 (san) | 拾 (jū) | |||||||
90 | 100 | 300 | 600 | 800 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
Regular | 九十 (kyūjū) | 百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) |
三百 (sanbyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 千 (sen) 一千 (issen) |
三千 (sanzen) | 八千 (hassen) | 一万 (ichiman) | 一億 (ichioku) | |
Formal | 一萬 (ichiman) | ||||||||||
1012 | 8×1012 | 1013 | 1016 | 6×1016 | 8×1016 | 1017 | 1018 | ||||
一兆 (itchō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 一京 (ikkei) | 六京 (rokkei) | 八京 (hakkei) | 十京 (jukkei) | 百京 (hyakkei) |
Etymology 3Edit
Kanji in this term |
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五 |
い Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 五 (MC ŋuoX).
Historical readings |
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PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [o̞ː]
- Phonetic hangeul: [오ː]
- Long vowel distinction only applies at the initial position. Most speakers no longer distinguish vowel length at any position.
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
五: Hán Việt readings: ngũ[1][2][3][4]
五: Nôm readings: ngũ[1][3][5], ngủ[1], ngỗ[1]
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
ZhuangEdit
NumeralEdit
五