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五

五 U+4E94, 五
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E94
← 亓
[U+4E93]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 井 →
[U+4E95]
See also: 伍
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Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

五 (radical 7 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一木一 (MDM), four-corner 10107, composition ⿱一𫝀)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 86, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 257
  • Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 11, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4E94

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 五
alt. forms 伍 financial
㐅
𠄡
𫝀

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 五
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
         
Oracle bone script
 

j29736
 

j29737
 

j29738
 

j29739
 

j29740
 

j29741
 

j29742
 

j29743
 

j29744
 

j29745
 

j29746
 

j29747
 

j29748
 

j29749
 

j29750
 

j29751
 

j29752
 

j29753
 

j29754
 

j29755
 

j29756
 

j29757
 

j29758
 

j29759
 

j29760
 

j29761
 

j29762
 

j29763
 

j29764
 

j29765
 

j29766
 

j29767
 

j29768
 

j29769
 

j29770
 

j29771
 

j29772
 

j29773
 

j29774
 

j29775
 

j29776
 

j29777
 

j29778
 

j29779
 

j29780
 

j29781
Bronze inscriptions
 

b19855
 

b19856
 

b19857
 

b19858
 

b19859
 

b19860
 

b19861
 

b19862
 

b19863
 

b19864
 

b19865
 

b19866
 

b19867
 

b19868
 

b19869
 

b19870
 

b19871
 

b19872
 

b19873
 

b19874
 

b19875
 

b19876
 

b19877
 

b19878
 

b19879
 

b19880
 

b19881
 

b19882
 

b19883
Large seal script
 

L34450
 

L34451
 

L14821
 

L14822
 

L14823
 

L14824
 

L14825
 

L14826
 

L14827
 

L14828
Small seal script
 

s10919
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (五) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
吾 *ŋraː, *ŋaː
衙 *ŋraː, *ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鼯 *ŋaː
浯 *ŋaː
珸 *ŋaː
郚 *ŋaː
齬 *ŋaː, *ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鯃 *ŋaː
娪 *ŋaː
梧 *ŋaː
峿 *ŋaː
五 *ŋaːʔ
伍 *ŋaːʔ
寤 *ŋaːs
啎 *ŋaːs
晤 *ŋaːs
悟 *ŋaːs
逜 *ŋaːs
窹 *ŋaːs
捂 *ŋaːs
鋙 *ŋa, *ŋaʔ
語 *ŋaʔ, *ŋas
圄 *ŋaʔ
敔 *ŋaʔ

One possibility is that 五 was originally written as five horizontal lines, similar to 一, 二, 三, and the obsolete 亖 (“four”), but in common writing the lines would blend together. Thus, two lines were turned vertical and the right one was shortened, to form one stroke with the middle horizontal line. An alternate hypothesis is that 五 originally resembled an X with a bar on top and a bar on bottom, as in 𠄡. This would have meant five because when counting on a single hand, one first counts to five and then crosses back the other way to ten.

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa (“five”).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • ngô - vernacular;
  • ngū - literary.
Note:
  • gō͘/gǒ͘ - vernacular;
  • ngó͘/gó͘ - literary.
Note:
  • ngou6 - vernacular;
  • ngou2, u2 - literary.
Note:
  • 3hhngg - vernacular;
  • 2u - literary.
Rime
Character 五
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 疑古切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋuoX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋuoX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋoX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋɔX/
Li
Rong		 /ŋoX/
Wang
Li		 /ŋuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wǔ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 五
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nguX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.ŋˤaʔ/
English five

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 五
Reading # 1/1
No. 13147
Phonetic
component		 五
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 五
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋaːʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

五

  1. five
  2. A surname​. Wu (mainland China, Taiwan), Ng (Hong Kong)
  3. (printing) The size of type between 小五 (little 5) and 小四 (little 4), standardized as 10½ point.

See alsoEdit

Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
Cardinal 〇 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬
万		 億
亿		 兆
万亿
Financial 零 壹 貳
贰		 參
叁		 肆 伍 陸
陆		 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟 萬
万		 億
亿		 兆
万亿

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 五

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (五):
  • Japanese: 五 (ご) (go)
  • Korean: 오 (五, o)
  • Vietnamese: ngũ (五)

Others:

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

五

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. five, 5

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

  • New Nelson: 77
  • Halpern: 3436
  • Halpern Learners: 2142
  • Heisig: 5
  • Tuttle Kanji Dictionary: 0a4.27
  1. Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.

PronunciationEdit

NumberEdit

Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  4 5 6  > 
    Cardinal : 五

五 (ご, go)

  1. five, 5

NounEdit

五 (hiragana ご, rōmaji go)

  1. five
  2. a name of a hole of a wind instrument

NounEdit

五 (hiragana いつ, rōmaji itsu)

  1. five

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

五 • (o)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 오 (revised: o, McCune-Reischauer: o, Yale: o)
    • Name (hangeul): 다섯 (revised: daseot, McCune-Reischauer: tasŏt, Yale: tases)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

MulamEdit

NumeralEdit

五 (kwən1)

  1. five

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

五 (ngũ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ZhuangEdit

NumeralEdit

五

  1. Sawndip form of haj
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