總統

See also: 总统 and 総統

Chinese

		always; to assemble; gather always; to assemble; gather; total; overall; head; chief; general; in every case	to gather; to unite; to unify to gather; to unite; to unify; whole
trad. (總統)		總	統
simp. (总统)		总	统

Wikipedia has articles on:

總統 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
總統 (Cantonese)
總統 (Classical)
總統 (Gan)
Chúng-thúng (Hakka)
Cūng-tūng (Eastern Min)
總統 (Southern Min)
總統 (Wu)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Native or borrowed from Japanese?”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zǒngtǒng

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зунтун (zuntun, I-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung² tung²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chúng-thúng
Eastern Min (BUC): cūng-tūng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chóng-thóng

(Teochew, Peng'im): zong² tong²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tson-thon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zǒngtǒng [Phonetic: zóngtǒng]
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zǒngtǒng
  - Wade–Giles: tsung³-tʻung³
  - Yale: dzǔng-tǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoongtoong
  - Palladius: цзунтун (czuntun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зунтун (zuntun, I-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ²⁴ tʰuŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zung² tung²
  - Yale: júng túng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung² tung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung² tung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chúng-thúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˋ tung^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung³ tung³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ³¹ tʰuŋ³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cūng-tūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ³³⁻³⁵ ^(tʰ-)nuŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chóng-thóng
  - Tâi-lô: tsóng-thóng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zofngtorng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zong² tong²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóng thóng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰoŋ⁵²⁻²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tson-thon
  - MiniDict: tson^去 thon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tson-thon
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ³³ tʰoŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

總統

president (of a republic)
候任總統／候任总统 ― hòurèn zǒngtǒng ― president-elect
(historical, military) commander-in-chief
Synonym: 統帥／统帅 (tǒngshuài)

Synonyms

(dated) 伯理璽天德／伯理玺天德 (bólǐxǐtiāndé)
(dated) 大總統／大总统 (dàzǒngtǒng)

Derived terms

副總統／副总统 (fùzǒngtǒng)
半總統制／半总统制 (bàn zǒngtǒngzhì)
大總統／大总统 (dàzǒngtǒng)
總統制／总统制 (zǒngtǒngzhì)
總統套房／总统套房 (zǒngtǒng tàofáng)
總統府／总统府 (zǒngtǒngfǔ)
總統直選／总统直选
總統蔣公誕辰紀念日／总统蒋公诞辰纪念日
總統蔣公逝世紀念日／总统蒋公逝世纪念日 (Zǒngtǒng Jiǎng Gōng Shìshì Jìniànrì)
美國總統報復權／美国总统报复权
臭頭仔嘛會做皇帝，做總統你嘛有機會／臭头仔嘛会做皇帝，做总统你嘛有机会
非常總統／非常总统

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (總統):

→ Japanese: 総(そう)統(とう) (sōtō)
→ Korean: 총통(總統) (chongtong)
→ Vietnamese: tổng thống (總統)

Others:

→ Tibetan: ཙུང་ཐུང (tsung thung)
→ Zhuang: cungjdungj

Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of 總統 – see the following entry.

【総統そうとう】

[noun] [from 1869] (archaic) general control over something; a person or official position with such control

[noun] [from roughly 1912] (government, politics, uncommon, China) president

[noun] [from 1930s?] (government, politics) generalissimo (such as Benito Mussolini of Italy), caudillo (such as Francisco Franco of Spain)

[noun] [from 1934] (historical) the Führer — Adolf Hitler as the chancellor of Nazi Germany

[verb] [from 1869] (archaic) to have or exercise general control over something

(This term, 總統, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
總	統

Noun

總統 • (chongtong) (hangeul 총통)

hanja form^? of 총통 (“president”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
總	統

Noun

總統

chữ Hán form of tổng thống (“president”).