長春

See also: 长春

Chinese edit

		long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	spring (time); gay; joyful spring (time); gay; joyful; youthful; love; lust; life
trad. (長春)		長	春
simp. (长春)		长	春

Wikipedia has articles on:

長春 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
長春 (Cantonese)
長春 (Classical)
Chhòng-chhûn-sṳ (Hakka)
Diòng-chŭng (Eastern Min)
Tiông-chhun (Southern Min)
长春 (Wu)

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Who gave it this name? When?”)

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Chángchūn

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄨㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ ceon¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Chhòng-chhûn

(Meixian, Guangdong): cong² cun¹
Eastern Min (BUC): Diòng-chŭng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tiông-chhun / Tiâng-chhun
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶zan-tshen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Chángchūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄨㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Chángchun
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻang²-chʻun¹
  - Yale: Cháng-chwūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Charngchuen
  - Palladius: Чанчунь (Čančunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng⁴ ceon¹
  - Yale: chèuhng chēun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ tsoen¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ cên¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chhòng-chhûn
  - Hakka Romanization System: congˇ cun´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong² cun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cong² cun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Diòng-chŭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒuŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiông-chhun
  - Tâi-lô: Tiông-tshun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongzhwn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiâng-chhun
  - Tâi-lô: Tiâng-tshun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diangzhwn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶zan-tshen
  - MiniDict: zan^去 tshen
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zan-tshen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²² t͡sʰən⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: drjang tsyhwin

Rime
Character	長	春
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直良切	昌脣切
Baxter	drjang	tsyhwin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/t͡ɕʰiuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/t͡ɕʰʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/t͡ɕʰjuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/cʰwin/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/t͡ɕʰiuĕn/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	chūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng⁴	ceon¹