良
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TranslingualEdit
Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
良 (Kangxi radical 138, 艮+1, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈日女 (IAV), four-corner 30732, composition ⿱丶艮(GHT) or ⿱丨艮(JK) or ⿱一艮(V))
Derived charactersEdit
- 俍 哴 埌 娘 㟍 悢 𢭗 浪 狼 斏 㫰 朖 桹 㱢 烺 琅 䀶 硠 稂 𧚅 粮 羪 艆 蜋 誏 踉 躴 䡙 酿 鋃(锒) 𫝥 駺 䯖 𩷕 郞 食 㝗 崀 莨 䆡 䍚 筤 飬 籑 㢃 㾗 閬(阆)
- 剆 㓪 朗 欴 郎 郒 飠
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1013, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30597
- Dae Jaweon: page 1472, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3170, character 2
- Unihan data for U+826F
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
良 | |
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alternative forms |
Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 良 | ||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
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剆 | *raːl, *raːlʔ |
郎 | *raːŋ |
稂 | *raːŋ |
桹 | *raːŋ |
鋃 | *raːŋ |
硠 | *raːŋ |
浪 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
蜋 | *raːŋ, *raŋ |
琅 | *raːŋ |
狼 | *raːŋ |
欴 | *raːŋ |
踉 | *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs |
莨 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
艆 | *raːŋ |
駺 | *raːŋ |
躴 | *raːŋ |
筤 | *raːŋ |
閬 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
哴 | *raːŋ, *raŋs |
蓈 | *raːŋ |
廊 | *raːŋ |
榔 | *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ |
螂 | *raːŋ |
瑯 | *raːŋ |
朗 | *raːŋʔ |
朖 | *raːŋʔ |
誏 | *raːŋʔ |
俍 | *raːŋʔ |
崀 | *raːŋʔ |
埌 | *raːŋs |
蒗 | *raːŋs |
娘 | *naŋ |
良 | *raŋ |
粮 | *raŋ |
悢 | *raŋs |
Pictogram (象形). Possibly depicts corridors and a room, in which case it would be the original form of 廊.
EtymologyEdit
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”).
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
良
- good; fine; well
- good; virtuous; respectable
- good person; virtuous person
- (literary) innate; inherent; natural
- very; very much; quite
- (literary) really; certainly; surely
- (obsolete) term of address used by a woman for her husband
- A surname.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 良
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Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
良
ReferencesEdit
- (Min Nan) “Query for 良”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
- “良”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
良
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ろう (rō)←らう (rau, historical)
- Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)←りやう (ryau, historical)
- Kun: よい (yoi, 良い, Jōyō); いい (ii, 良い)
- Nanori: じ (ji); つかさ (tsukasa); なが (naga); まこと (makoto); よし (yoshi); ら (ra); りょ (ryo)
CompoundsEdit
- 良い (yoi), 良い (ii, “good, beneficial”)
- 良さ (yosa, “merit, virtue”)
- 良く (yoku, “well, much”)
- 良好 (ryōkō, “good, fine”)
- 良質 (ryōshitsu, “good quality”)
- 良否 (ryōhi, “quality”)
- 良心 (ryōshin, “conscience”)
- 良識 (ryōshiki, “good sense”)
EtymologyEdit
Kanji in this term |
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良 |
りょう Grade: 4 |
kan’on |
NounEdit
Proper nounEdit
- A male given name
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 良 (MC lɨɐŋ).
Historical Readings | ||
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Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 랴ᇰ (Yale: lyàng) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 | 알 (Yale: al) | 량 (Yale: lyang) |
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 어딜 (Yale: etil) | 량 (Yale: lyang) |
Seokbong Cheonjamun, 1583 | 어딜 (Yale: etil) | 냥 (Yale: nyang) |
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ja̠ŋ] ~ [ɾja̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [양/량]
HanjaEdit
良 (eumhun 어질 량 (eojil ryang), South Korea 어질 양 (eojil yang))
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
Old KoreanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PhonogramEdit
良 (*a)
- A syllabic phonogram denoting the syllable *a (generally not word-initial)
Etymology 2Edit
SuffixEdit
良 (*-a)
- The verbal and adjectival infinitive suffix.
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
ParticleEdit
良 (*-a)
- in; at; on; locative case marker, attested primarily in hyangga poems
- c. 750, 月明師 (Wolmyeongsa), “祭亡妹歌 (Jemangmae-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
- 一等隱枝良出古
- *HAton KACI-a NA-kwo
- even though they sprout on a single branch
Usage notesEdit
- First-millennium Old Korean also featured the locative particle 中 (*-kuy). The two particles were compounded as 良中 (*-a-kuy) as early as the seventh century. The compounded form becomes predominant in the corpus after the eleventh century, after which 良 (*-a) in isolation is not encountered. The compounded form eventually fused into a single morpheme, becoming the Middle Korean locative particle 에〮/애〮 (-éy/áy).
- After the fourteenth century, Korean scribes occasionally reused the character 良 to write 에〮/애〮 (-éy/áy). This is a feature of Middle Korean writing, not Old Korean.
DescendantsEdit
See alsoEdit
- 中 (*-kuy) (locative case marker)
- 矣 (*-uy) (locative case marker)
- 良中 (*-akuy) (locative case marker predominant after the eleventh century)
ReferencesEdit
- 배대은 (Bae Dae-eun) (1996), “Idu cheogyeok josa-ui tongsijeok gochal [A diachronic study of locative case markers in Idu]”, in Baedalmal, volume 21, pages 139–156
- 이승재 (Lee Seung-jae) (2000), “Chaja pyogi jaryo-ui gyeokjosa yeon'gu [Study of case markers in the Chinese-based orthography [of Korean]]”, in Gugeo Gukmunhak, volume 127, pages 107–132
- Hwang Seon-yeop (2006). "Godae gugeo-ui cheogyeok josa" 고대국어의 처격조사] ["The locative case markers of Old Korean"]. Hanmal Yeon'gu Hakhoe Jeon'guk Haksul Daehoe (conference). Seongnam, South Korea. pp. 35–48.
- Nam Pung-hyun (2012), “Old Korean”, in The Languages of Japan and Korea, Routledge, →ISBN, pages 41–72
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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