直
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TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
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| Stroke order (Japan) | |||
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Alternative formsEdit
Note the different forms, which differ in two respects: both Simplified and Traditional do not have a left vertical stroke, while the orthodox form has a left vertical stroke; and in simplified form, the top component is connected with the bottom, while in the orthodox they are separated – this last difference is shared with unrelated characters 真 and 具. The older form and stroke order are used in Japan and Korea.
Han characterEdit
| Japanese | 直 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 直 |
| Traditional | 直 |
直 (radical 109, 目+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十月一一 (JBMM), four-corner 40716, composition ⿱十⿴𠀃三(GH) or ⿱𠂇⿴𠀃三(TV) or ⿱𠂇⿺𠃊目(JK))
Derived charactersEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 800, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23136
- Dae Jaweon: page 1215, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 61, character 7
- Unihan data for U+76F4
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
直 | |
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Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 直 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (直) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 置 | *tɯɡs |
| 值 | *dɯɡs, *dɯɡ |
| 植 | *dɯɡs, *djɯɡ |
| 埴 | *tʰjɯɡs, *djɯɡ |
| 惪 | *tɯːɡ |
| 德 | *tɯːɡ |
| 稙 | *tɯɡ |
| 淔 | *tʰɯɡ |
| 直 | *dɯɡ |
| 犆 | *dɯɡ |
| 殖 | *djɯɡ |
Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意): 目 (“eye”) + 丨 (“vertical stroke”) – vertical stroke above the eye; looking straight ahead.
The line on the side appears in bronze script and subsequently stretched under the 目 shape, while the traditional form appears in seal script.
EtymologyEdit
- "simply; only"
- According to Schuessler (2007), cognate with 特 (OC *dɯːɡ, “single”). Also compare Darmiya taku (“one”).
- "straight; right"
- According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tjak/ŋ ~ tik/ŋ (“good; very; real; straight”), which also includes 正 (OC *tjeŋ, “first (lunar month)”), 正 (OC *tjeŋs, “straight; correct”), 政 (OC *tjeŋs, “government; rule”) and 實 (OC *ɦliɡ, “solid; true”). Cognates include Tibetan ཏིག་ཏིག (tig tig, “certainly”), Mizo dik (“correct”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *N-d(y)ak (“truly; very; intensitive”). An allofam is probably 德 (OC *tɯːɡ, “virtue”) (Schuessler, 2007).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
直
- straight; linear; undeviating
- to straighten
- vertical; upright; erect
- honest; fair
- straightforward; forthright; frank
- directly; straight
- 直去 ― zhíqù ― to go directly to
- intentionally; deliberately
- † only; just
- Synonyms: 只 (zhǐ)
- (Chinese calligraphy) vertical stroke in Chinese characters
- † Alternative form of 值 (zhí, “to be worth”).
- constantly
- (slang) straight; heterosexual
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 直
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ReferencesEdit
- “Entry #4389”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
直
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: じき (jiki, Jōyō)←ぢき (diki, historical); じか (jika)←ぢか (dika, historical)
- Kan-on: ちょく (choku, Jōyō)
- Kun: ただちに (tadachini, 直ちに, Jōyō); なおす (naosu, 直す, Jōyō)←なほす (nafosu, historical); なおる (naoru, 直る, Jōyō)←なほる (naforu, historical); あたい (atai, 直)←あたひ (atafi, historical); すぐ (sugu, 直ぐ); なおき (naoki, 直き)←なほき (nafoki, historical)
- Nanori: すぐ (sugu); なおい (naoi); のう (nō); のお (nō)
CompoundsEdit
- 直径 (chokkei, “diameter”)
- 直角三角形 (chokkaku-sankakkei, “right triangle”)
- 直流 (chokuryū, “direct current”)
- 直感 (chokkan, “intuition”)
EtymologyEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 直 |
| じか Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
Sound change from jiki.[1]
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
PrefixEdit
SynonymsEdit
- 直接 (chokusetsu)
Related termsEdit
- 直に (jika ni)
ReferencesEdit
- ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
直 • (jik) (hangeul 직, revised jik, McCune–Reischauer chik, Yale cik)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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MiyakoEdit
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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