See also: 长
TranslingualEdit
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Alternative formsEdit
- 镸 (when used as a radical)
EtymologyEdit
Pictogram (象形) – originally long hair; compare 彡.
Unrelated to visually similar 衣, and notably does not have a diagonal stroke at lower left.
Han characterEdit
長 (radical 168 長+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸一女 (SMV), four-corner 71732)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1328, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41100
- Dae Jaweon: page 1829, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4050, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9577
ChineseEdit
| - | ||
|---|---|---|
| trad. | 長 | |
| simp. | 长 | |
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng4, zoeng2
- Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): chhông
- Min Nan (POJ): tiòng / tiúⁿ / tn̂g / chiáng / chióng / tióng / tiông / chhiâng
- Wu (WT Romanisation): zan (T3); tsan (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ang2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: changr
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
-
(file)
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˇ
- Wade-Giles: chang3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaang
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: coeng4, zoeng2
- Yale: chèuhng, jéung
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng4, dzoeng2
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰœːŋ²¹/, /t͡ɕœːŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- Romanisations:
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhông
- IPA (Siyen, including Miaoli): /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴/
- Romanisations:
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiòng / tiúⁿ / tn̂g / chiáng / chióng / tióng / tiông / chhiâng
- Tâi-lô: tiòng / tiúnn / tn̂g / tsiáng / tsióng / tióng / tiông / tshiâng
- IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ¹¹/, /tiũ⁴¹/, /tŋ̍²³/, /t͡ɕiaŋ⁴¹/, /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴¹/, /tiɔŋ⁴¹/, /tiɔŋ²³/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ²¹/, /tiũ⁵³/, /tŋ̍¹³/, /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵³/, /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁵³/, /tiɔŋ⁵³/, /tiɔŋ¹³/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ¹³/
- Note: tiòng, tiúⁿ, tn̂g - vernacular, chiáng, chióng, tióng, tiông, chhiâng - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- WT Romanisation: zan (T3); tsan (T2)
- IPA (key): /z̻ã²³/, /t͡sã³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
| Middle Chinese pronunciation (長, reconstructed) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character (長), Pronunciation 1/3 | ||||||
|
Initial: 澄 (11) |
Openness: Open |
Fanqie: 直良切 | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
Bernard Karlgren |
Li Rong |
Pan Wuyun |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
Wang Li |
Shao Rongfen |
| /ɖɨɐŋ/ | /ȡʱi̯aŋ/ | /ȡiaŋ/ | /ɖiɐŋ/ | /ɖɨaŋ/ | /ȡĭaŋ/ | /ȡiɑŋ/ |
| Character (長), Pronunciation 2/3 | ||||||
|
Initial: 知 (9) |
Openness: Open |
Fanqie: 知丈切 | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
Bernard Karlgren |
Li Rong |
Pan Wuyun |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
Wang Li |
Shao Rongfen |
| /ʈɨɐŋX/ | /ȶi̯aŋX/ | /ȶiaŋX/ | /ʈiɐŋX/ | /ʈɨaŋX/ | /ȶĭaŋX/ | /ȶiɑŋX/ |
| Character (長), Pronunciation 3/3 | ||||||
|
Initial: 澄 (11) |
Openness: Open |
Fanqie: 直亮切 | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
Bernard Karlgren |
Li Rong |
Pan Wuyun |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
Wang Li |
Shao Rongfen |
| /ɖɨɐŋH/ | /ȡʱi̯aŋH/ | /ȡiaŋH/ | /ɖiɐŋH/ | /ɖɨaŋH/ | /ȡĭaŋH/ | /ȡiɑŋH/ |
| Old Chinese pronunciation (長, reconstructed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character | Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
Middle Chinese | Old Chinese | English | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 長 | cháng | ‹ drjang › | /*Cə-[N]-traŋ/ | long (adj.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 長 | zhǎng | ‹ trjangX › | /*traŋʔ/ | grow; elder | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:
|
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| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character | No. | Phonetic component |
Rime group |
Rime subdivision |
Corresponding MC rime |
Old Chinese | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 長 | 1263 | 長 | 陽 | 0 | 長 | /*taŋʔ/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 長 | 1276 | 長 | 陽 | 0 | 長 | /*daŋ/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 長 | 1280 | 長 | 陽 | 0 | 仗 | /*daŋs/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DefinitionsEdit
長
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
長
ReadingsEdit
NounEdit
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms
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Proper nounEdit
長 (hiragana ひさし, romaji Hisashi)
- A male given name
SuffixEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
長 (jang)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 장 (McCune-Reischauer: chang, Yale: cang)
- Name (hangeul): 길다 (revised: gilda, McCune-Reischauer: kilda, Yale: kilta)
- This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove
{{defn}}.
VietnameseEdit
CharacterEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Hán Việt: tràng, trường, trướng, trưởng, trườn
- Nôm: tràn, tràng, trường, trưởng, trườn, trượng, trành
ReferencesEdit
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm , NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)