難読

See also: 難讀

Japanese

Kanji in this term
難	読
なん Grade: 6	どく Grade: 2
goon

Alternative spelling
難讀 (kyūjitai)

Examples (nandoku kanji)
英吉利(イギリス) (Igirisu, “Great Britain”) 鰈(カレイ) (karei, “flounder”) 海象(セイウチ) (seiuchi, “walrus”) 窒扶斯(チフス) (chifusu, “typhus”) 雪崩(なだれ) (nadare, “avalanche”) 凡例(はんれい) (hanrei, “map legend, notes”) 纏(まと)める (matomeru, “collect, summarize”) 耶蘇(ヤソ) (Yaso, “Jesus Christ → Christianity”) 蝋燭(ろうそく) (rōsoku, “candle”) 山葵(わさび) (wasabi, “wasabi”)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese elements 難 (nan, “difficult, hard”) +‎ 読 (doku, “reading”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) なんどく [nàńdókú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [nã̠ndo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

難(なん)読(どく) • (nandoku) 

1. difficult to read (characters or letters, for example)

Derived terms

• 難読(なんどく)化(か) (nandoku-ka, “obfuscation”)
• 難読(なんどく)症(しょう) (nandoku-shō, “dyslexia”)