Appendix:Greater Siangic comparative vocabulary list

The following comparative vocabulary list of Greater Siangic languages has been merged from Tables 3-10 in the appendix of Modi (2013).

Lexical isoglosses

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Milang and Idu-Taraon
  • Words shared among Milang, Taraon, Idu, and Proto-Tani: arrow, bitter, blood, blow, brain, branch, breath, call/cry/shout, child, cloud, die, dog, dream, drink, dry, ear, excrement, extinguished, fire, five, flow, four, full, grandfather, grandmother, hair, horn, hundred, I, insect, leaf, leech, man, moon, name, night, nine, ripe, road, salt, sharp edged, sit, smell, snake, stand, stone, tail, ten, you, three, two, uncle (maternal), water, weave, wood, year, smoke, dream, smallpox, crow, good, bedbug, pick, pluck, one, tree, cut (wood), enemy, net (fishing), cooked, mithun, goiter, son, father, carry (back), cucumber, breast, snow
  • Words shared exclusively among Milang, Taraon, and Idu, but not Proto-Tani: rest, liquor, swell, morning, sand, bee, last, warm (fire), axe, house, rice, forehead, day, count, fish, fruit, fear, salt, eat, child, bird, ant, sun, mortar, egg, fat, fall, five, fowl, hair (body), know, pluck, lightweight, ghost, winter, seven, hail, sweat, bladder, eight, yesterday, ribs, swallow
Koro-Milang and Idu-Taraon
  • Words shared among Milang, Taraon, Idu, Koro, and Proto-Tani: mithun, cut, stand, boy, arrow, fat, hair (body), net (fishing), fish, pig, goat, bow, snake, woman, woman, cloud, moon, hundred, four, eat, imbibe/drink, bitter, bird, two, fire, vagina, neck, blood, beard, penis, head, urine, dog, 2sg, sharp, good
  • Words shared exclusively among Milang, Taraon, Idu, and Koro, but not Proto-Tani: axe, house, salt, day, egg, fowl/chicken, know, sand, seven, eight, ear, ten, yesterday, bamboo, mouth, sun, fat, give, today, white, black, rice, ant

List

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Gloss Idu Taraon Milang Koro Proto-Siangic Proto-Tani
ant pa-si paː-chai paŋ-kər pa-su *paŋ *ruk
arrow i-pe a-ppa pa *a-puk
ascend a-tiu tu caa
axe e-pa pa ra-pu rak-pa *rak-pu *əgɨŋ
bamboo a bra li hui ahu fu *fu *ɦə(ŋ)
beard ero-mo thram-um kjaŋ-ma caa-mi *nap-mɨt
bedbug a-ba xa-ba da-ba *ba/bə
bee awa tawa tau *ŋut
bird pra pja ta-pju po-le *pa-taŋ
bitter ka kaː a-ka(a) a-ka *kaa
black ma ma je-gjaŋ ma *ma
bladder ateate-poŋ a-thiɨ tɛɛ-pɨm *sur
blood i-ju xa-ruai a-jji i-vi *a-vii
blow mu mɨŋ mut *mut
boil su hap
bow i-li ala-i aj-ji le *rji
boy me me ma-lu ma-le *meŋ
brain a-nu pi-nim pa-ɲi *pVk-ni
branch ha ro xa-ra aak *ɦak
breast ɲo ɲi a-ɲun *njun
breath si-hala shig ŋa/sak *sak, *ŋa
call/cry/shout gra gr gjok *grok
carry (back) bu a-bu *bak
child ʔa a uu *ɦo
cloud amu aːm a-muk mug-ba *muk
cooked u ɲa *nu
count tshi tsai san *kr
crow pra kra ra piaːkla piak *ak
cucumber tɕi-kua tɕi-kua pimjɛr *kuŋ
cut (wood) pi pi pi pi *pa
cut tje cat
day i-ni kɨ-n a-nə me-ne *nə *lo
die ɕi ɕi si *si
dog i-ku ku-aɨ a-kə eki-le *kii; *kwiː; *a-kwi
dream e-mo, i-mu ja-mo im-ma, ɨm-ma *jup-maŋ
drink tioŋ tɨŋ, tim caŋ *tɨŋ
dry ɕaŋ ɕoŋ saa *san
ear akru-na, ako-na kru-naŋ ra-ɲu *raɲ(u?) *ɲa(-ruŋ), *ɲo
eat ha tha tu to *do
egg meto cu a(ː)-tei cici cuci *cu-ci *pɨ
eight i-lioŋ liɨm ra-jɛŋ rãla *ra-ljaŋ *pri-ɲi
enemy me-re br mi-ru *rol
excrement khri klai ii *eː
extinguished mut xa-mɨn mat *mit
fall a-du blai-du du *ho
fat so ta-so a-hu fõ, u-fu *fo *fu
father na-ba na-ba a-bə *bo
fear rji rai a-rɛ *bV-so; PV-so
fire ma-mru na-mɨn a-mi mi-la *amə
fish a-ŋa ta-ŋaŋ a-ŋu ŋo-la *ŋo
five ma-ŋa ma-ŋa pa-ŋu *ŋo
flow bɨ-po blum bɨt *bɨt
forehead ma-plaŋ ma-plaŋ paŋ *tukta
four ka-prɨi ka-prai ko-ple *pri
fowl/chicken me-to tiu a-cu co-le *co *rok
fruit ruŋ-ɕi ta-ɕi a-si *ze; *pɨ
full broŋ, b(r?)a blɨŋ baŋ *brɨŋ
ghost kʰinu khɨ-ɲɨm ta-kuŋ *rom
give haŋ haŋ ram *ram *bi
goat kɨtɕi maa-bi aa-bi so-ben *ɕa-ben
goiter ka-pu tɨ-ba laŋ-bə *pu
good pra pra pju pla *pro?
grandfather na-tia a-tia a-cu *to
grandmother na-ja a-ja a-ju *jo
green tiŋ tiɨŋ je-caŋ
grow a-sɨŋ haŋ
hail a-the a-thiai pa-ttə tapɨ (Eastern Tani)
hair ma-bu um a-ma *mɨt
hair (body) ma-bu um du-ma, a-ma ma-bu *dum-mɨt
head kuru-pom eko-ra dum-po zu-p(a)ra *dum
horn ru rau a-rəə *rəŋ
house a-ɲuk ŋɨn *Noŋ *kum
hundred ma-loŋ ma-lɨn lɨŋ-ko pa-la *lɨŋ
I ŋa xaŋ ŋa *ŋo
imbibe/drink tioŋ tɨŋ caŋ ca *tɨŋ
insect a-pu toŋ-po ta-pɨm ta-pɨm *pum
itch so haak
know ka-sa ka-sa hu fu *fu *ken
last night e-be-ja bi-ja ba-ju *məjum, *məjo
leaf naŋ naŋ tan-nom *nə
leech ka-pi ka-pe ta-pat *pat
lightweight ãã oo *ətsaŋ
liquor ju i-ju a-ju *poŋ
listen ahũga tha cu
man me me mi/ma *mi
mithun sa a(ː)-shja(ː) a-su, acu s`u *aɕo, *so
moon e-la xa-lo poo-lu a-la *po-lo
morning a-nama a-naŋ a-nap *ro
mortar e-loŋ loŋ laa-juŋ *par
mouth tʰɨ-ram-bram, eko-be tʰɨ-rɨm-bram, thɨ-rɨn caŋ-ci sa-pu *caŋ *gam (*nap)
name a-mu a-mɨŋ ra-man *mɨn
neck sem-bra paa-haŋ alaŋ lã-ra *a-lɨŋ
net (fishing) sja shja(ː) sap-puŋ *ɕap, *sap
night e-ja kɨ-ja a-ju *jo
nine kɨ-ɲi ka-ɲɨŋ ka-ɲɛm *kV-(n)aŋ
one khɨn-ge khɨn a-kan *kon
penis mlak(h) ml maa-rat *mrak
pick te tɨ, te ci *tɨ
pig i-li bɨ-liai a-jɛk le-le *a-rjek
pluck u u hu *pu
rest na na no *pe
ribs a-srubru hrak daa ɨtmo (Eastern Tani)
rice ke kie du-kɨ ki-raka *kje *am-bwn
ripe ta-rja haː-mɨŋ man *min
road a-lioŋ a-lim bɨda *lam
salt pra pla ta-pu plo *pu *lo
sand a-pi ta-pi sa-pi bu-pi *bu-pi sulli (Padam)
seven i-ɦoŋ weŋ, ɨ-eŋ ra-ŋal *roŋ(al) *kV-nV(t), *kV-nɨt
sharp-edged ra ra rat uru *rat
sit de di juŋ *duŋ
smallpox broŋ bro-roŋ ta-bum *bum
smell nu nɨŋ nam *nam
smoke khɨu ma-khɨu mɨ-kkɨ *mə-kɨ
snake ja-bu ta-bu da-bɨ gɨ-bu *bɨ
snow a-pru ta-prɨ ta-pɨm *pam
son a oo-ru *ɦo (child)
son/child/DIM a a uu *ɦo
stand de deŋ dak da *dak
stone a-laŋ ph-laŋ dabu *lɨŋ
sun rɨŋ, rɨn rɨn mə-ruŋ me-ne *mə *doŋ-ɲi
swallow a-b(r)i blai bɨt *met
sweat ti-ɕi xau kal-si *il
swell proŋ plɨŋ paŋ *bɨŋ
swidden pa-ku pla a-pu pjo- (Apatani)
tail i-mina lɨ-mɨn ta-mi *mjo ~ me
ten hoŋ-ɦoŋ xa-lɨŋ haŋ-tak fã-lã *faŋ *cam, *(r)jiŋ
thread ɲa nja a-ɲu *no
three ka-soŋ ka-sɨŋ ham *ɦum
today e tia-ɲi a tia-n̥n ɨ-nə se-ne *V-ne *si-lo
tongue thɨ-li ci-dal
tree ma-seŋ ma-sɨŋ haŋ-ɲi *siŋ, sik
two ka-ni ka-n nə, nɛ ki-ne *ɲi
uncle (maternal) na-ku a-kau a-kɨ *kɨ
urine tʰe-ci kɨ-tɕɨŋ a-tə tu-su(ŋ) *ɕum *ɕi
vagina cek a(ː)-teb a-cci *a-tɨ(ɨ)
warm (fire) loŋ lɨŋ a-lam *gu ~ gju
water matɕi ma tɕi asi *si
weave tiɨ tiɨ-tio, ta-tiɨ cim *čum
whirlpool səə həə-po
white lio lio je-cci lap(l)õ *ljo *pun, *puŋ
winter ka-pe-cã ka-pɨ na-pɨm dɨgɨn
woman mi-juŋ me-ja ma-mi mi-mi *mi-mə
woman ma-so mi-ja ma-sɛ mɨ-siŋ *mi-fVŋ
wood ma-seŋ ma-sɨŋ haŋ-sa *sɨŋ
year i-nu kɨ-nɨŋ ɨnaŋ *ɲiŋ
yesterday bɨ-ɲi bɨ-liɨŋ ba-nə ba-ne *ba-nə *mə-lo
you (2sg) ɲo ɲoŋ ɲa, ɲi nu *no

References

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  • Modi, Yankee. 2013. The nearest relatives of the Tani group. Paper presented at the 19th Himalayan Languages Symposium, Canberra, Australia.
Vocabulary lists of Southeast Asian languages
Sino-Tibetan

p-Tibeto-Burman • Old Chinese (basic) • p-Southern Min • Macro-Bai • p-Tujia • p-Naish • p-Ersuic • Guiqiong • Horpa • p-Lolo-Burmese • p-Lalo • Lalo • Akha • Woni • Axi • Nesu • Yi (Mihei) • Kathu • Gong • p-Karenic • p-Luish • p-Bodo-Garo • Kuki-Chin • Suansu • Jejara • Mru • p-W. Tibetan • Tibetan (Lajiao) • Amdo Tibetan • Zakhring • Tshangla • Kho-Bwa • Mey • p-Puroik • p-Hrusish • Koro • Greater Siangic • Raji-Raute • Dhimalish • Baram-Thangmi • Bhujel • p-Kham • Dura • Bunan • (Nepal)

Austroasiatic

p-Austroasiatic (Swadesh) • p-Munda • p-Khasian • p-Palaungic • Quang Lam • p-Khmuic • p-Pakanic • p-Vietic • p-Katuic • p-Bahnaric • p-Pearic • p-Khmeric • p-Monic • p-Aslian • p-Nicobarese

Hmong-Mien

p-Hmong-Mien • Hmong-Mien • p-Hmongic • Pa-Hng • Xong • Pana • She • p-Mienic • Mienic • Mien (Gongcheng) • Biao Min (Shikou)

Kra-Dai

p-Kra-Dai • p-Kra • Laha • Qabiao • Gelao • p-Kam-Sui • Kam-Sui (Hunan) • p-Lakkia • Biao • p-Tai • Zhuang (Tiandeng) • Bouyei • p-Be • Jizhao • p-Hlai • Jiamao

Austronesian

p-Austronesian