Wiktionary

zi

See also: Appendix:Variations of "zi"

Albanian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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First attested in the 17th century in this form, already 16th in its now obsolete feminine form e zeshkë (“black”). The plural të zinj is recent, built on analogy of other masculine nouns ending in stressed /-ˈi/, and supplanted the earlier të zez. The irregular paradigm may reflect e zezë f sg < *gʷed(ʰ)yā, të zez m pl < *gʷed(ʰ)yoi, zi f (“mourning”, noun) < *gʷed(ʰ)íyā.

Has been compared to Proto-West Germanic *kwād (“filth; evil”), Lithuanian gė́da (“shame”), Proto-Slavic *gàdъ (“reptile”). Also see Lithuanian gẽdulas, geda (“mourning”). Traditionally also linked to Lithuanian ži̇̀las (“grey”). Comparison with Lithuanian júodas (“black”) is difficult to reconcile phonetically.

Alternative forms

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Adjective

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i zi (feminine e zezë, masculine plural të zinj, feminine plural të zeza)

  1. black (of colour)
    Antonym: i bardhë
  2. dark, as opposed to a lighter colour
    bukë e zezë ― black bread
  3. dirty (of water); built for dirty water
    ujëra të zeza ― dirty water
    kanale të zeza ― dirty water canals
  4. unfortunate, wretched; desolate, gloomy
    Synonyms: i mjerë, i mjeruar, i mjerueshëm, i shkretë, i rëndë, i errët
  5. evil, bad
    Synonym: i keq
    zemër e zezë ― black heart

Noun

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i zi m (plural të zinj, definite i ziu, definite plural të zinjtë)

  1. black person
    Synonym: (derogative) zezak
  2. unfortunate, wretched, desolate person
    Synonyms: fatkeq, i mjerë, i shkretë
  3. (chess) black (player with the black chess pieces)

Noun

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të zi n (definite të zitë) (uncountable)

  1. black (colour), blackness
    Synonym: e zezë
  2. mourning (sorrow; clothes)
  3. gloom, gloominess
    Synonym: zymtësi
  4. great trouble, suffering
    Synonyms: e keqe, vuajtje
  5. Used to reinforce interrogative and exclamative sentences.
    Synonym: të shkretën

Adverb

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zi

  1. in black
    e ngjeu zi ― it turned black
  2. very badly, wrongly, unkindly
    Synonym: keq

Derived terms

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compounds

References

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  • “zi,~të (të)”, “zi”, “zi (i)”, “zi,~u (i)”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[1], 1980, page 2241ab
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “zi”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 581b
  • Tagliavini, Carlo (1937) “zi”, in L'albanese di Dalmazia. […] (in Italian), Florence: Leo S. Olschki, page 293
  • Leotti, Angelo (1916) “zī”, in L'albanese parlato (in Italian), Milan: U. Hoepli, page 190
  • Weigand, Gustav (1914) “zī”, in Albanesisch–deutsches und deutsch–albanesisches Wörterbuch (in German), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, page 105a
  • Kristoforidhi, Kostandin (1904) “ζῑ-α”, in Λεξικὸν τῆς Ἀλβανικῆς γλώσσης [Lexikòn tês Albanikês glṓssēs] (in Greek), Athens, page 121
  • Jungg, G. (1895) “ɛii, ɛeɛ”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 151a
  • Meyer, G. (1891) “zī”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 484
  • Rossi, F. (1875) “ɛii”, in Vocabolario della lingua epirotica–italiana (in Italian), page 1389ab
  • Bardhi, Frang (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 63: “niger — iɛij”
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) “zi (i)”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 427
  • Çabej, E. (2006) “zī”, in Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian), volumes VII: S–Zh, Tirana, page 297f.
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021) “zi (i)”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]
  • Huld, Martin E. (1984) “i zi, e zezë”, in Basic Albanian Etymologies, Columbus: Slavica Publishers, →ISBN, page 134f.
  • Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “zi”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 524

Etymology 2

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First attested in the 16th century. Early nominalisation of the adjective above, see there for more.

Noun

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zi f (definite zia) (uncountable)

  1. mourning (sorrow for someone's death)
    bëj zi për ― to mourn
    • 1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari, page 47v, lines 88–89:
      e chξeh {v}ine tane, endeh ћaɛe-//mend
      [e kthe zinë tanë ëndë gazëmend]
      and turn our mourning into joy
  2. mourning (clothes)
  3. great misfortune
    Synonyms: mynxyrë, fatkeqësi
  4. famine, dearth, esp. scarcity of bread
    zi buke ― bread famine
  5. great greed for something, esp. food
    Synonyms: babëzi, lakmi
Derived terms
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References

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  • “zi,~a”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[3], 1980, page 2240f.
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “zí”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 581b
  • Leotti, Angelo (1916) “zī”, in L'albanese parlato (in Italian), Milan: U. Hoepli, page 190
  • Weigand, Gustav (1914) “zī”, in Albanesisch–deutsches und deutsch–albanesisches Wörterbuch (in German), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, page 105a
  • Kristoforidhi, Kostandin (1904) “ζῑ-α”, in Λεξικὸν τῆς Ἀλβανικῆς γλώσσης [Lexikòn tês Albanikês glṓssēs] (in Greek), Athens, page 121
  • Jungg, G. (1895) “ɛii, a”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 151a
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021) “zí -a”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]

Basque

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (most dialects) /s̻i/ [s̻i]
  • IPA(key): (Biscayan) /s̺i/ [s̺i]

  • Rhymes: -i
  • Hyphenation: zi

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Basque *zinV.

Noun

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zi inan

  1. (Northern) acorn
    Synonym: ezkur
Declension
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Declension of zi (inanimate, ending in vowel)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive zi zia ziak
ergative zik ziak ziek
dative ziri ziari ziei
genitive ziren ziaren zien
comitative zirekin ziarekin ziekin
causative zirengatik ziarengatik ziengatik
benefactive zirentzat ziarentzat zientzat
instrumental ziz ziaz ziez
inessive zitan zian zietan
locative zitako ziko zietako
allative zitara zira zietara
terminative zitaraino ziraino zietaraino
directive zitarantz zirantz zietarantz
destinative zitarako zirako zietarako
ablative zitatik zitik zietatik
partitive zirik — —
prolative zitzat — —

Etymology 2

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Noun

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zi inan

  1. (Biscayan) Alternative form of ihi (“reed”)

Further reading

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  • “zi”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • “zi”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Cimbrian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German si(e), from Old High German siu, from Proto-Germanic *sī, nominative singular feminine of *iz. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij, Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si).

Pronoun

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zi

  1. (Sette Comuni) she, her

Inflection

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Cimbrian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
1st person singular ich mich miar
2nd person
singular 		familiar du dich diar
polite iart ach òich
3rd person
singular 		m èar, ar in, en iime
f zi, ze iar
n es, is es, 's iime
1st person plural bar,
bandare		 zich izàndarn
2nd person plural iart,
iartàndare, artàndare		 òich, ach ogàndarn
3rd person plural ze, zòi,
zandare		 zich innàndarn

References

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  • “zi” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Ewe

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Noun

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zi

  1. deer

Haeke

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *kutu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCu.

Noun

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zi

  1. louse

References

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  • Jim Hollyman,K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, page 52, 1999

Hausa

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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zî m (possessed form zîn)

  1. (card games) diamonds

Japanese

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Romanization

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zi

  1. The katakana syllable ズィ (zi) in Hepburn-like romanization.
  2. (dated) Rōmaji transcription of じ
  3. (dated) Rōmaji transcription of ジ

Kwama

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Noun

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zi

  1. eye
  2. life
  3. seed
  4. grain

References

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  • Goldberg, Justin, Asadik, Habte, Bekama, Jiregna, Mengistu, Mulat (2016) Gwama – English Dictionary‎[4], SIL International

Mandarin

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Romanization

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zi (zi5 / zi0, Zhuyin ˙ㄗ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 子

zi

  1. Nonstandard spelling of zī.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of zí.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of zǐ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of zì.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

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Verb

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zi

  1. Alternative spelling of si; first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wēsen

Romanian

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈzi/
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Classical Latin diēs (“day”), back-formed from the accusative diem (whose vowel e was once long), from Proto-Italic *djēm, the accusative of *djous, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“heaven, sky”). May have been inherited from an intermediate Vulgar Latin *dilla , hence why the definite form ziua, but due to -ua dropping in indefinite forms, the indefinite form became zi. Compare Spanish día, archaic Italian dì, archaic French di.

Noun

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zi f (plural zile)

  1. day
    Antonym: noapte
Declension
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Declension of zi
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative zi ziua zile zilele
genitive-dative zile zilei zile zilelor
vocative ziuo zilelor
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Latin dīc, the 2nd person singular imperative of Latin dīco, with the final -c being dropped as part of a loss of all final consonants in Proto-Romanian. Compare Italian dì, which also went through the same sound shift.

Verb

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zi

  1. second-person singular imperative of zice

Sassarese

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Alternative forms

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  • z' (apocopic, before a vowel)

Etymology

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Akin to Italian ci, see there for more.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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zi

  1. (accusative) us
    Babbu zi portha a Sàssari
    Dad is taking us to Sassari
    • c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎[5], volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 24, page 107:
      Alburea, Alburea
      E li so’ suldaddi
      z’hani libaraddi
      Arborea, Arborea and its soldiers have freed us
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Spring]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others] (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
      l’antigga primabéra, più cruderi
      di tutti l’isthasgioni
      acchì zi torra a vidda e poi z’ammazza.
      Ancient Spring, [the] cruelest of all seasons, for it takes us back to life, and then kills us.
  2. (dative) to us
    Li dozzi no zi piàzini.
    We don't like sweets.
    (literally, “The sweets are not pleasant to us.”)
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Siparazioni [Separation]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others] (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 65:
      […] E lu chi zi paria
      incridìbiri, aiallu! […]
      And that which to us had seemed unbelievable, there it is!

Adverb

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zi

  1. Synonym of vi (“here, there”)
    • c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎[6], volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 35, page 124:
      Lu soli di Sant’Anna
      Veni a lu me’ balconi,
      Viniddinni lu me’ fiori
      Abali chi no z’è mamma.
      St. Anne's sun comes to my balcony; come to my flower, now that mom isn't here.

References

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  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Sumerian

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Romanization

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zi

  1. Romanization of 𒍣 (zi)

Tagalog

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English zee, the English name of the letter Z/z.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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zi (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒ)

  1. the name of the Latin-script letter Z/z, in the Filipino alphabet
    Synonym: (in the Abecedario) zeta

See also

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Further reading

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  • “zi”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tarifit

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Preposition

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zi (Tifinagh spelling ⵣⵉ)

  1. movement marker
    1. expresses movement from a point of origin: from
      yus-d zi Fas
      He came from Fez.

Usage notes

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When the preposition zi is followed by a vowel it will take the form zeg.

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