sofa
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French sofa, ultimately from Arabic صُفَّة (ṣuffa, “a long seat made of stone or brick”) or Aramaic צפא/ܨܦܬܐ. Cognate with or derived from Aramaic צפא/ܨܦܬܐ (ṣipā’, ṣeppəṯā, “mat, matting”). The word may have entered European languages via Turkish or through the Moorish occupation of Iberia.
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: sō'fə, IPA(key): /ˈsəʊfə/
- (General American) enPR: sō'fə, IPA(key): /ˈsoʊfə/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊfə
NounEdit
sofa (plural sofas)
- (Middle East architecture, archaic) A raised area of a building's floor, usually covered with carpeting, used for sitting.
- (furniture) An upholstered seat with a raised back and one or two raised ends, long enough to comfortably accommodate two or more people.
- 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney: Ure Smith, published 1965, page 228:
- His eyes trailed over her feline pose on the sofa, finding her limbs adorable while he tried exasperatedly to extract the truth of licentious revelations from them.
SynonymsEdit
DescendantsEdit
TranslationsEdit
upholstered seat
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See alsoEdit
VerbEdit
sofa (third-person singular simple present sofas, present participle sofaing, simple past and past participle sofaed)
- To furnish with one or more sofas.
- 1852, Charles Astor Bristed, Five years in an English university, page 14:
- The appearance of a student's apartment, though by no means splendid, is decidedly comfortable ; it is well cushioned and sofaed, with a proper proportion of arm chairs, and a general air of respectability — much better on the whole than our student's rooms ever are.
- 1890, Stanley Lane-Poole, The Life of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe - Volume 1, page 100:
- First, it will surprize you to learn that instead of the venerable simplicity which reigns in St. Stephen's chapel, the H. of Representatives, besides being stoved, carpeted, desked, and sofaed in the most luxurious style, rivals and indeed surpasses the Legislature of Paris in decoration and drapery.
- 1893, Henry Swinglehurst, Silver Mines and Incidents of Travel, page 97:
- I and another therefore entirely occupied our stateroom, which was sofaed round, being just large enough for two to lie down and a third to sit with his feet up and his head on his knees.
- 1981, David A. Kaufelt, The Wine and the Music, page 331:
- It was a lavish, fully draped, fully sofaed, fully radiator-covered nineteenth-century deluxe German hotel suite.
- To seat or lay down on a sofa.
- 1895, Denver Medical Times - Volume 5, page 191:
- Cliques of three or more are formed, each member of which goes in search of victims, and the first female found complaining of pain in the lower part of her back, is immediately run down, corralled, cornered, so to speak, and sans ceremonie she is at once tabled, sofaed or beded, or in the absence of these relics of refinement she is floored or she may have to submit standing (especially if the doctor is in a hury and meets her at the gate or corner drug store) with an unerring plunge, of a not overly clean index finger, the darksome cavern is penetrated and perhaps, not, a cervix is touched and reveals, of course, a lacerated cervix, just as had been predicted.
- 1929, Benjamin Disraeli, Lawrence John Lumley Dundas Marquis of Zetland, 1876 to 1881, page 387:
- A few, feeble words—my first—to tell you I have left my room this morning and am shaven and shorn and dressed and sofaed in my writing room, after a terrible ten days or more.
- 2006, Kim Akass, Janet McCabe, Reading 'Desperate Housewives': Beyond the White Picket Fence:
- Many a time back in my boozing days when I was sofaed too.
ReferencesEdit
- "sofa, n.", in the Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
AnagramsEdit
DanishEdit
NounEdit
sofa c (singular definite sofaen, plural indefinite sofaer)
InflectionEdit
Declension of sofa
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French sofa, perhaps via Turkish sofa, ultimately from Arabic صُفَّة (ṣuffa).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sofa m (plural sofa's, diminutive sofaatje n)
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Ultimately from Arabic صُفَّة (ṣuffa, “a long seat made of stone or brick”), from Aramaic צפא (ṣipā’, “mat”)/Classical Syriac ܨܦܬܐ. The word may have entered French via Turkish sofa.
Note casually that Arabic itself uses كَنَبة (kanaba) for “sofa”, from French canapé.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sofa m (plural sofas)
SynonymsEdit
- (couch): canapé
DescendantsEdit
- → Dutch: sofa
- → English: sofa
- → Italian: sofà
- → Polish: sofa
- → Portuguese: sofá
- → Russian: софа́ (sofá)
- → Spanish: sofá
Further readingEdit
- “sofa” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
IcelandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse sofa, from Proto-Germanic *swefaną.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
sofa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative svaf, third-person plural past indicative sváfum, supine sofið)
- (intransitive) to sleep
- Ekki vekja hana, hún er sofandi.
- Don't wake her up, she's sleeping.
ConjugationEdit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived termsEdit
- fara að sofa (“to go to bed”)
- sofa hjá (“to sleep with, to have sex with”)
- sofa laust (“to sleep lightly”)
- sofandi (“sleeping”)
- sofa yfir sig (“to oversleep”)
Related termsEdit
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Dutch sofa, from French sofa, ultimately from Arabic صُفَّة (ṣuffa, “a long seat made of stone or brick”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sofa (first-person possessive sofaku, second-person possessive sofamu, third-person possessive sofanya)
- sofa: an upholstered seat with a raised back and one or two raised ends, long enough to comfortably accommodate two or more people.
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “sofa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
InterlinguaEdit
NounEdit
sofa (plural sofas)
- (item of furniture) sofa
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
sofa
NormanEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
sofa m (plural sofas)
SynonymsEdit
Norwegian BokmålEdit
NounEdit
sofa m (definite singular sofaen, indefinite plural sofaer, definite plural sofaene)
ReferencesEdit
- “sofa” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sofa m (definite singular sofaen, indefinite plural sofaer or sofaar, definite plural sofaene or sofaane)
ReferencesEdit
- “sofa” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old NorseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *swefaną.
VerbEdit
sofa (singular present indicative sefr or søfr, singular past indicative svaf, plural past indicative sváfu or sófu, past participle sofinn)
- to sleep
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of sofa — active (irregular, strong class 4)
| infinitive | sofa | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | sofandi | |
| past participle | sofinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | sef, søf | svaf |
| 2nd-person singular | sefr, søfr | svaft |
| 3rd-person singular | sefr, søfr | svaf |
| 1st-person plural | sofum | sófum, sváfum |
| 2nd-person plural | sofið | sófuð, sváfuð |
| 3rd-person plural | sofa | sófu, sváfu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | sofa | sœfa, svæfa |
| 2nd-person singular | sofir | sœfir, svæfir |
| 3rd-person singular | sofi | sœfi, svæfi |
| 1st-person plural | sofim | sœfim, svæfim |
| 2nd-person plural | sofið | sœfið, svæfið |
| 3rd-person plural | sofi | sœfi, svæfi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | sof | |
| 1st-person plural | sofum | |
| 2nd-person plural | sofið | |
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Icelandic: sofa
- Faroese: sova
- Norwegian Nynorsk: sova, sove
- Jamtish: sovo
- Elfdalian: såvå
- Westrobothnian: sȯfwa, såva, soa
- Old Swedish: sova
- Swedish: sova
- Scanian: søva
- Old Danish: souæ
- Gutnish: syve
ReferencesEdit
- sofa in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From French sofa, from Arabic صُفَّة (ṣuffa, “a long seat made of stone or brick”), from Aramaic צפא (ṣipā’, “mat”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sofa f (diminutive sofka)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of sofa
Further readingEdit
- sofa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- sofa in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-CroatianEdit
NounEdit
sòfa f (Cyrillic spelling со̀фа)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of sofa
SwahiliEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
sofa (n class, plural sofa)
VepsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Russian софа́ (sofá).
NounEdit
sofa
InflectionEdit
| Inflection of sofa | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative sing. | sofa | ||
| genitive sing. | sofan | ||
| partitive sing. | sofad | ||
| partitive plur. | sofid | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | sofa | sofad | |
| accusative | sofan | sofad | |
| genitive | sofan | sofiden | |
| partitive | sofad | sofid | |
| essive-instructive | sofan | sofin | |
| translative | sofaks | sofikš | |
| inessive | sofas | sofiš | |
| elative | sofaspäi | sofišpäi | |
| illative | ? | sofihe | |
| adessive | sofal | sofil | |
| ablative | sofalpäi | sofilpäi | |
| allative | sofale | sofile | |
| abessive | sofata | sofita | |
| comitative | sofanke | sofidenke | |
| prolative | sofadme | sofidme | |
| approximative I | sofanno | sofidenno | |
| approximative II | sofannoks | sofidennoks | |
| egressive | sofannopäi | sofidennopäi | |
| terminative I | ? | sofihesai | |
| terminative II | sofalesai | sofilesai | |
| terminative III | sofassai | — | |
| additive I | ? | sofihepäi | |
| additive II | sofalepäi | sofilepäi | |
ReferencesEdit
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “тахта”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika