Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/baba
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bā́ˀbāˀ, from nursery language.
Noun
edit- grandmother
- old woman
- → (figuratively) various objects used for hammering in, inserting, plugging
- → (figuratively) various objects used as a base, support (like a backrest)
- → (figuratively) various objects used for linking, connecting, binding together
- → (figuratively) various small, worthless items
- → (figuratively) heap of hay, grain; sheaf
- → babka (a type of ceremonial bread)
- → (figuratively) names of various species of mushrooms
- → (possibly) great white pelican (any bird of the genus Pelecanus onocrotalus)
- woman
- midwife
- sorceress, witch, hex
- → (figuratively) names of various butterflies
- → (figuratively) names of various plants
- (North Slavic, astronomy, in the plural) Pleiades (star cluster)
- Synonym: *babъky
Declension
editDeclension of *bàba (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *bàba | *bàbě | *bàby |
genitive | *bàby | *bàbu | *bàbъ |
dative | *bàbě | *bàbama | *bàbamъ |
accusative | *bàbǫ | *bàbě | *bàby |
instrumental | *bàbojǫ, *bàbǭ** | *bàbama | *bàbamī |
locative | *bàbě | *bàbu | *bàbasъ, *bàbaxъ* |
vocative | *bàbo | *bàbě | *bàby |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
editnouns
- *babakъ m (“womanizer”)
- *babica f (hypocoristic)
- *babina f (“inheritance from grandmother”)
- *babiťь m (“womanizer”)
- *babizna f (“inheritance from grandmother”)
- *babьcь m
- *babьnikъ m
- *babura f
- *baburъ m
- *babuxa f (“old woman”)
- *babъka f (hypocoristic)
- *babъkъ m
- *babyka f
- *kudibaba f
- *prababa f (“great-grandmother”)
verbs
adjectives
Related terms
editnouns
Descendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: ба́ба (bába)
- Macedonian: ба́ба (bába)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: bába (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
See also
editProto-Slavic family terms
*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) | Male | Female |
---|---|---|
parent | *otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata |
*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama |
sibling | *bratrъ (“brother”) | *sestra (“sister”) |
child | *synъ (“son”) | *dъťi (“daughter”) |
grandparent | – (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana |
*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena |
grandchild | *vъnukъ (“grandson”) | *vъnuka (“granddaughter”) |
stepparent | *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) | *maťexa (“stepmother”) |
stepchild | *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) | *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”) |
father's sibling | *strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
mother's sibling | *ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
sibling's child | *netьjь (“nephew”) | *nestera (“niece”) |
spouse | *mǫžь (“husband”) | *žena (“wife”) |
parent of wife | *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) | *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
parent of husband | *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) | *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
sibling of wife | *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) | *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”) |
sibling of husband | *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) | *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”) |
spouse of child | *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
spouse of husband's brother | – | *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
References
edit- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*baba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 105
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*baba”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 169
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bàba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 32: “f. ā (a) ‘old woman’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “baba -y”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 22, 69, 166, 199; PR 132; MP 17; RPT 110)”
- ^ Dybo, Vladimir A., Zamyatina, Galina I., Nikolaev, Sergei L. (1990) Основы славянской акцентологии [Fundamentals of Slavic Accentology][2] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 42
Further reading
edit- “boba”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “баба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic onomatopoeias
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic feminine nouns
- sla-pro:Female family members
- sla-pro:People
- sla-pro:Healthcare occupations
- sla-pro:Obstetrics
- Proto-Slavic terms with collocations
- Northern regional Proto-Slavic
- sla-pro:Astronomy
- Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a