Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mōtan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *mōtaną.

Verb

*mōtan

to be allowed, to be permitted to, may

Inflection

*mōt, *mōst, *mōtun, *mōsā, *mōsan

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

Old English: mōtan
- Middle English: moten
  - Scots: mote, mot, moit
  - English: mote
- ⇒ Old English: mōste (preterite)
  - Middle English: moste
    - Scots: moste, most, moist
    - English: must
Old Frisian: mōt (present tense)
- Saterland Frisian: moute
- West Frisian: moatte
Old Saxon: mōtan
- Middle Low German: môten, moste (past)
  - German Low German: möten
  - → Old Swedish: most (late)
    - Swedish: måste
Old Dutch: muotan
- Middle Dutch: moeten
  - Dutch: moeten
    - Afrikaans: moet
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: mu, muti
    - Negerhollands: moet, moe, mo, mut
    - → Sranan Tongo: moe
  - Limburgish: mótte
Old High German: muozan
- Middle High German: muozen, müezen
  - Alemannic German: müese, müesse
  - Bavarian: miassn
    Cimbrian: missan
  - Central Franconian: mösse, mosse, moße (Ripuarian; older forms), misse, mieße, muße, moße (Moselle Franconian)
    - Hunsrik: misse
    - Luxembourgish: mussen
  - German: müssen
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: misse
  - Yiddish: מוזן (muzn)
  - → Old Czech: musiti, musěti
    - Czech: musit, muset
    - → Old Polish: musieć, musić
      - Polish: musieć, musić (Middle Polish)
        → Kashubian: mùszec
        → Slovincian: mùszec
      - Silesian: musieć
      - → Old Ruthenian: мусити (musiti), мусѣти (musěti), мусꙗти (musjati)
        Belarusian: му́сіць (músicʹ)
        Ukrainian: му́сити (músyty)
    - → Slovak: musieť