moeten
See also: möten
Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Dutch moeten, from Old Dutch muotan, from Proto-West Germanic *mōtan, from Proto-Germanic *mōtaną. Cognate with English mote (“may, might”). Unrelated to -moeten in ontmoeten.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editmoeten
- (intransitive) to be necessary, to be required
- (auxiliary) to have to, must
- (auxiliary) should, be meant to, be supposed to
- Synonyms: zou moeten, horen
- Het moet hier zijn, maar het is gestolen. ― It is meant to be here, but it was stolen. / It should be here, but it was stolen.
- Dat moet je echt niet doen. ― You really should not do that.
- De nieuwe wet moet op 1 januari in werking treden. ― The new law is supposed to come into force on 1 January.
- (intransitive) to have to go, to need to go, must go
- Antonym: niet hoeven
- Ik moet nog naar de supermarkt vandaag.
- I still need to go to the supermarket today.
- (intransitive, informal) to need to go to the toilet
- Ik moet heel nodig! ― I really need to go!
Usage notes
edit- The past tense moest can be used in the present. In Dutch, one can ask "Moest je nog werken vanavond?" which can mean both "did you have to work tonight?" and "do you have to work tonight?". This is similar to gaan.
Inflection
editConjugation of moeten (preterite-present) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | moeten | |||
past singular | moest | |||
past participle | gemoeten | |||
infinitive | moeten | |||
gerund | moeten n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | moet | moest | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | moet | moest | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | moet | moest | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | moet | moest | ||
3rd person singular | moet | moest | ||
plural | moeten | moesten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | moete | moeste | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | moeten | moesten | ||
imperative sing. | moet | |||
imperative plur.1 | moet | |||
participles | moetend | gemoeten | ||
1) Archaic. |
Descendants
editMiddle Dutch
editEtymology 1
editVerb
editmoeten
- (auxiliary) to have to, must, to be obliged to
- (auxiliary) to be allowed to, to have permission to
- (auxiliary) will, shall
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
editEtymology 2
editFrom Old Dutch *muoten, from Proto-West Germanic *mōtijan.
Verb
editmoeten
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
edit- Limburgish: mote
Further reading
edit- “moeten”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “moeten (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “moeten (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Categories:
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Dutch/utən
- Rhymes:Dutch/utən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
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- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch lemmas
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