User:Sokkjo/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰárati

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéseti, from *h₂wes- (“to dwell”) +‎ *-eti (thematic present suffix).

Verb

*ȷ́ʰárati

1. to dwell, live
2. to stay, spend the night

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰṛṇtár ~ *gʰṛmatár
  • Sanskrit: हृणीषे (hṛṇīṣé, 2sg.pres.med.), हृणीते (hṛṇīte, 3sg.pres.med.), हृणान (hṛṇāná, ptc.med.)
    • ⇒ Sanskrit: हृणि (hṛṇi), घृणि (ghṛṇi, “anger”)
    • ⇒ Sanskrit: हृणीयते (hṛṇīyate, “be angry”)
• Proto-Iranian: *járati ~ *gr̥mánti / *jr̥ntár ~ *gr̥matár
  • Avestan: (“to be angry”)

    Old Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬁 (zaranaēmā, 1pl.pres.opt.)

    Younger Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬨𐬀 (zaranima, 1pl.pres.opt.), 𐬔𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬀𐬵𐬈 (grantahe, 2sg.pres.med.), 𐬔𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬄𐬨 (graməntąm, ptc.pres.), 𐬔𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬋 (grantō, nom.sg.)

  • Pashto: زورل (zorël, “to vex, torture”)
  • Sogdian:

    Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (ɣrʾntē /⁠ɣrāndyy⁠/, “irritated”)

  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *aHjr̥ntár ~ *aHgr̥matár
    • Sogdian:

      Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾɣrʾntʾnt /⁠āɣrāntant⁠/, ptc.)

  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *hamjr̥ntár ~ *hamgr̥matár
    • Sogdian: (/⁠аnɣrāmenē⁠/, “to slander”)

      Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (ʾngrʾmnyy)

      Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (ʾnуrʾmny)

  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *jāráyati (secondary causative)
    • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *aHjāráyati
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬈 (āzāraiieṇte, 3pl.med.caus.), 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬋𐬌𐬱 (āzāraiiōiš, “to hurt, wound, offend”, 2sg.opt.caus.)
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾzyʾr-, “to be offended”, 3sg.impf.)
      • Parthian: (“to injure”)

        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫉𐫀𐫡𐫏𐫅 (ʾzʾryd /⁠āzārēd⁠/)

      • Middle Persian: (/⁠āzārēd⁠/, “to torment, offend; to hurt”)

        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫀𐫉𐫀𐫡𐫏𐫅 (ʾʾzʾryd), 𐫀𐫉𐫀𐫡𐫏𐫅 (ʾzʾryd)

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (’c’lyt)

        • Persian: آزردن (âzordan, “to annoy, torment”)
      • Sogdian: (/⁠āzērd⁠/)

        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫡𐫖 (ʾʾzyrm, “to offend, hurt”, 1sg.caus.pres.)

        Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼀𐼈𐼀𐼊𐼘𐼛 (ʾʾzʾyrt, “to hurt, trouble”)

      • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *aHjāráh
        • Persian: آزار (âzâr, “affliction, disease, grieve, vexation, injury”)
    • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *jāráh
      • Baluchi: بال (zâr, “anger”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *jr̥yáti (secondary passive)
    • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *aHjr̥yáti
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (mʾzyrd, “to be offended”, 3sg.impf.)
      • Middle Persian:

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (’clt /⁠āzard⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (’cwlt /⁠āzurd⁠/)

      • Sogdian: (“to be hurt”)

        Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫀𐫉𐫏𐫡 (mʾzyr /⁠āzir⁠/, impf.)

  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *jr̥núš
    • Avestan: [script needed] (zaranu-)
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (ysurrä)
  • → Old Armenian: զայրանամ (zayranam, “to be angry; to become angry”)
    • ⇒ Old Armenian: զայրոյթ (zayroytʻ)
      • → Armenian: զայրույթ (zayruytʻ) (learned)