Etymology
edit
From cumulus (“a heap”) + -ō.
Pronunciation
edit
cumulō (present infinitive cumulāre, perfect active cumulāvī, supine cumulātum); first conjugation
- to heap, pile up, amass, accumulate
- Synonyms: accumulō, exstruō, struō, onerō, inaedificō, colligō
- to fill by heaping, overload
- Synonyms: impleō, expleō, compleō, repleō, stīpō, imbuō
- Antonyms: exhauriō, dēpleō, dēfundō
- to increase, augment
- Synonyms: adiciō, multiplicō, augeō, incitō, accumulō
- Antonyms: diminuō, minuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, premō, corripiō
- (figuratively) to make complete, accomplish
- Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, dēfungor, absolvō, agō, expleō, patrō, conclūdō, condō, impleō, exsequor, fungor, efficiō, nāvō, perpetrō, trānsigō, gerō, peragō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō
Conjugation
edit
Conjugation of cumulō (first conjugation)
|
indicative
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
cumulō
|
cumulās
|
cumulat
|
cumulāmus
|
cumulātis
|
cumulant
|
imperfect
|
cumulābam
|
cumulābās
|
cumulābat
|
cumulābāmus
|
cumulābātis
|
cumulābant
|
future
|
cumulābō
|
cumulābis
|
cumulābit
|
cumulābimus
|
cumulābitis
|
cumulābunt
|
perfect
|
cumulāvī
|
cumulāvistī, cumulāstī1
|
cumulāvit, cumulāt1
|
cumulāvimus, cumulāmus1
|
cumulāvistis, cumulāstis1
|
cumulāvērunt, cumulāvēre, cumulārunt1
|
pluperfect
|
cumulāveram, cumulāram1
|
cumulāverās, cumulārās1
|
cumulāverat, cumulārat1
|
cumulāverāmus, cumulārāmus1
|
cumulāverātis, cumulārātis1
|
cumulāverant, cumulārant1
|
future perfect
|
cumulāverō, cumulārō1
|
cumulāveris, cumulāris1
|
cumulāverit, cumulārit1
|
cumulāverimus, cumulārimus1
|
cumulāveritis, cumulāritis1
|
cumulāverint, cumulārint1
|
passive
|
present
|
cumulor
|
cumulāris, cumulāre
|
cumulātur
|
cumulāmur
|
cumulāminī
|
cumulantur
|
imperfect
|
cumulābar
|
cumulābāris, cumulābāre
|
cumulābātur
|
cumulābāmur
|
cumulābāminī
|
cumulābantur
|
future
|
cumulābor
|
cumulāberis, cumulābere
|
cumulābitur
|
cumulābimur
|
cumulābiminī
|
cumulābuntur
|
perfect
|
cumulātus + present active indicative of sum
|
pluperfect
|
cumulātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
|
future perfect
|
cumulātus + future active indicative of sum
|
subjunctive
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
cumulem
|
cumulēs
|
cumulet
|
cumulēmus
|
cumulētis
|
cumulent
|
imperfect
|
cumulārem
|
cumulārēs
|
cumulāret
|
cumulārēmus
|
cumulārētis
|
cumulārent
|
perfect
|
cumulāverim, cumulārim1
|
cumulāverīs, cumulārīs1
|
cumulāverit, cumulārit1
|
cumulāverīmus, cumulārīmus1
|
cumulāverītis, cumulārītis1
|
cumulāverint, cumulārint1
|
pluperfect
|
cumulāvissem, cumulāssem1
|
cumulāvissēs, cumulāssēs1
|
cumulāvisset, cumulāsset1
|
cumulāvissēmus, cumulāssēmus1
|
cumulāvissētis, cumulāssētis1
|
cumulāvissent, cumulāssent1
|
passive
|
present
|
cumuler
|
cumulēris, cumulēre
|
cumulētur
|
cumulēmur
|
cumulēminī
|
cumulentur
|
imperfect
|
cumulārer
|
cumulārēris, cumulārēre
|
cumulārētur
|
cumulārēmur
|
cumulārēminī
|
cumulārentur
|
perfect
|
cumulātus + present active subjunctive of sum
|
pluperfect
|
cumulātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
|
imperative
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
—
|
cumulā
|
—
|
—
|
cumulāte
|
—
|
future
|
—
|
cumulātō
|
cumulātō
|
—
|
cumulātōte
|
cumulantō
|
passive
|
present
|
—
|
cumulāre
|
—
|
—
|
cumulāminī
|
—
|
future
|
—
|
cumulātor
|
cumulātor
|
—
|
—
|
cumulantor
|
non-finite forms
|
active
|
passive
|
present
|
perfect
|
future
|
present
|
perfect
|
future
|
infinitives
|
cumulāre
|
cumulāvisse, cumulāsse1
|
cumulātūrum esse
|
cumulārī
|
cumulātum esse
|
cumulātum īrī
|
participles
|
cumulāns
|
—
|
cumulātūrus
|
—
|
cumulātus
|
cumulandus
|
verbal nouns
|
gerund
|
supine
|
genitive
|
dative
|
accusative
|
ablative
|
accusative
|
ablative
|
cumulandī
|
cumulandō
|
cumulandum
|
cumulandō
|
cumulātum
|
cumulātū
|
1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.
Derived terms
edit
Related terms
edit
Descendants
edit
References
edit
- “cumulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cumulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- cumulo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- cumulo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget
- to (richly) recompense a kindness or service: beneficium remunerari or reddere (cumulate)
- to overwhelm with eulogy: omni laude cumulare aliquem
- to heap crime on crime: scelus scelere cumulare (Catil. 1. 6. 14)
Portuguese
edit