esse
AfrikaansEdit
NounEdit
esse
CorsicanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin esse (infinitive of sum), from Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- to be
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | esse | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | essendu | ||||||
past participle | statu | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | eiu | tù | ellu/ella | noi | voi | elli/elle | |
present | sò, socu | sì, sè | hè | simu, semu, semi | site, sete, seti | sò | |
imperfect | era, eru | eri | era | eramu, erami | erate, erati | eranu, erani | |
simple past | fubbi, fui | fusti | fubbe, fù | fubbimu, fuimu | fuste | fubbenu, funu, funi | |
future | seraghju, saraghju | serai, sarai | serà, sarà | seremu, saremu | serete, sarete, sareti | seranu, saranu, sarani | |
subjunctive | eiu | tù | ellu/ella | noi | voi | elli/elle | |
present | sia, sii | sia, sie, sii | sia, sii | siamu, siami | siate, siati | sianu, siani | |
imperfect | fussi | fussi | fussi, fusse | fussimu, fussimi | fussite, fussiti | fussinu, fussini | |
conditional | eiu | tù | ellu/ella | noi | voi | elli/elle | |
present | seria, saria | serii, saristi | seria, saria | seriamu, sariamu | seriate, sariste | serianu, sarianu, sariani | |
imperative | – | tù | – | noi | voi | – | |
— | sia | — | siamu | siate | — |
FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
esse m (plural esses)
- The name of the Latin-script letter S.
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
VerbEdit
esse
- inflection of essen:
HunsrikEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- ëse (Wiesemann spelling system)
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ezzen, from Old High German ezzan, from Proto-Germanic *etaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- to eat
- Ich esse keen Fleisch.
- I don't eat meat.
- Heit esse-mer Fisch.
- Today we eat fish.
InflectionEdit
infinitive | esse |
---|---|
past participle | gess |
auxiliary | hon |
present tense | |
1st person singular | esse |
2nd person singular | esst |
3rd person singular | essd |
1st person plural | esse |
2nd person plural | essd |
3rd person plural | esse |
imperative | |
2nd person singular | ess |
2nd person plural | essd |
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
IngrianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
esse
ItalianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin es (the name of the letter S).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
esse f or m (invariable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter S.; ess
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, i lunga, cappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon, zeta
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
esse f pl
See alsoEdit
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Genitive | Disjunctive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | third | m | esso1, egli, elli3 | si, s' | lo, l' | gli | vi, v' | ne, n' | esso, sé |
f | essa, ella, Ella2 | la, l' | le, ella3 | essa, sé | |||||
Plural | third | m | essi, eglino3, ellino3, elli3 | si, s' | li | loro | vi, v' | ne, n' | essi, sé |
f | esse, elle3, elleno3 | le | esse, elle,3 sé | ||||||
1 | Refers predominantly to non-humans. | ||||||||
2 | Highly elevated variant of Lei. | ||||||||
3 | Archaic. |
LatinEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Form of the verb sum (“[I] am; [I] exist”); from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“I am, I exist”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- present infinitive of sum
NounEdit
esse m (indeclinable)
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
ēsse
ReferencesEdit
- esse in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- esse in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
NeapolitanEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- to be
Old IrishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronounEdit
esse
Pennsylvania GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
Compare German essen, Dutch eten, English eat, Swedish äta.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- to eat
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | esse | |
---|---|---|
past participle | hot gesse | |
future tense | waerd esse | |
subjunctive | daet esse | |
present tense | ||
1st person singular | ess | |
2nd person singular | esscht | |
3rd person singular | esst | |
1st person plural | esse | |
2nd person plural | esst | |
3rd person plural | esse | |
imperative | du ess, dihr esst |
PiedmonteseEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- to be
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | esse |
---|---|
present gerundive | essend |
past participle | stàit |
Present indicative | Past indicative | Future indicative | Present subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Present Conditional | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person singular | i son | i j'era | i sarai | i sia | i fussa | i sarìa |
Second-person singular | it ses | it j'ere | it saras | it sie | it fusse | it sarìe |
Third-person singular | a l'é | a l'era | a sarà | a sia | a fussa | a sarìa |
First-person plural | i soma | i j'ero | i saroma | i sio | i fusso | i sarìo |
Second-person plural | i seve | i j'ere | i sareve | i sie | i fusse | i sarìe |
Third-person plural | a son | a j'ero | i saran | a sio | a fusso | a sarìo |
PortugueseEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Portuguese esse, from Latin ipse (“himself”).
Alternative formsEdit
- êsse (superseded)
PronunciationEdit
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈe.sɨ/
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈe.si/, [ˈe.s̻ɪ]
- (South Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈe.se/
- Hyphenation: es‧se
DeterminerEdit
esse m (feminine essa, plural esses, feminine plural essas)
- that (near you)
- Esse chapéu está limpo?
- Is that hat clean?
- (Brazil) this (near me)
- Esse livro é muito bom.
- This book is very good.
PronounEdit
'esse m (feminine essa neuter isso, plural esses, feminine plural essas)
(definite demonstrative pronoun)
- that, that one (near you)
- that (that one); this (this one) (indicates something already mentioned or understood from context)
- Esse é o segredo para vencer.
- This is the secret to winning.
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:esse.
SynonymsEdit
- (near me): este
See alsoEdit
Portuguese demonstratives (edit) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pronouns | Adverbs | ||||||
Singular | Plural | Neuter | |||||
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
Proximal | X | este | esta | estes | estas | isto | aqui, cá |
de + X | deste | desta | destes | destas | disto | daqui | |
em + X | neste | nesta | nestes | nestas | nisto | — | |
Medial | X | esse | essa | esses | essas | isso | aí |
de + X | desse | dessa | desses | dessas | disso | daí | |
em + X | nesse | nessa | nesses | nessas | nisso | — | |
Distal | X | aquele | aquela | aqueles | aquelas | aquilo | ali, lá |
de + X | daquele | daquela | daqueles | daquelas | daquilo | dali | |
em + X | naquele | naquela | naqueles | naquelas | naquilo | — | |
a + X | àquele | àquela | àqueles | àquelas | àquilo | ||
Anaphoric | X | o | a | os | as | — | — |
de + X | do | da | dos | das | |||
em + X | no | na | nos | nas | |||
a + X | ao | à | aos | às |
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
esse m (plural esses)
- The name of the Latin-script letter S.
- something shaped like the letter S
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:esse.
SardinianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin esse, present infinitive of sum (“I am”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | simple | esse | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | esse + past participle | ||||||
gerund | simple | essendi, sendi | |||||
compound | essendi + past participle | ||||||
past participle | statu | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | eu | tu | iddu/idda | noi | voi | iddi | |
(simple tenses) | present | socu | sei | è | semu | seti | so |
imperfect | era, eru | eri | era | érami | érati | erani | |
preterite | fusi | fusti | fusi | fùsimi | fùsiti | fùsini | |
future | saragghju | sarai, saré | sarà | saremu | sareti | sarani | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of esse + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of esse + past participle | ||||||
preterite perfect | preterite indicative of esse + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of esse + past participle | ||||||
conditional | eu | tu | iddu/idda | noi | voi | iddi | |
present | saria | saristi | saria | sarìami | sarìati | sarìani | |
perfect | present conditional of esse + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | chi eu | chi tu | chi iddu/idda | chi noi | chi voi | chi iddi | |
(simple tenses) | present | sia | sii | sia | sìami | sìati | sìani |
imperfect | fùssia | fussi | fùssia | fùssimi | fùssiti | fùssini | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of esse + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of esse + past participle | ||||||
imperative | eu | tu | iddu/idda | noi | voi | iddi | |
— | sii | sia | sìami | sìati | sìani |
TatarEdit
AdjectiveEdit
esse
WalloonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French estre, from Latin sum.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
esse
- to be
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | esse (or iesse) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | estant | ||||||
auxiliary | aveur | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sti | — | |||||
plural | — | — | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | dji (dj') | tu (t') | i (il) / ele | dji (dj') / nos | vos | i (il) | |
present | so | es | est | estans | estoz | sont | |
imperfect (in est-) | esteu | esteus | esteut | estins | estîz | estint | |
imperfect (in êr-) | ere1 | eres1 | ere1 | erins1 | erîz1 | erint1 | |
preterit | fou | fous | fout | fourîs | fourîz | fourît | |
future | serè | serès | serè | serans | seroz | seront | |
conditional | sereu | sereus | sereut | serins | serîz | serint | |
subjunctive | ki dj' | ki t' | k' i (il) / k' ele | ki dj' / ki nos | ki vos | k' i (il) | |
present | seuye | seuyes | seuye | seuyanxhe | seuyoxhe | seuynuxhe or seuyèxhe | |
present | fouxhe | fouxhes | fouxhe | fouxhinxhe | fouxhîxhe | fouxhinxhe | |
imperative | — | tu | — | dji / nos | vos | — | |
affirmative | seuye | seuyans | seuyoz | 1 Haute-Lesse and Chestrolais |