billen
Danish edit
Noun edit
billen c
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch billen, probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bíþla- (“axe”), instrumental noun from *bītaną (“to bite”). Related to Old Norse bíldr (“bloodletting knife”).
Verb edit
billen
- (transitive) to sharpen, to apply grooves to a millstone
- 2007, Traditie, page 18:
- Ze vraagt het de molenaar en die vertelt haar dat de molen gebild is. (Billen is het scherpen van de molenstenen.)
- She asks the miller, and they tell her that the mill has been billed. (Billing is sharpening of the millstones.)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “billen”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Etymology 2 edit
From bil.
Verb edit
billen
- (transitive) to bed, to have sex with
- 2007, Traditie, page 18:
- Hij voegt er aan toe dat zij ook wel sneller zou zijn als ze gebild zou zijn. Dat wil het onervaren meisje wel en betaalt de molenaar om haar te billen (beslapen) (volksverhalenbank TAM182).
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
billen
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
From the same onomatopoeic stem as billeg (“to sway, waggle”) + -en (instantaneous verb-forming suffix).[1][2]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
billen
- (intransitive) to tilt, slant, lean, swing, dip (used with lative suffixes; to move suddenly from one direction to another due to a change in its equilibrium)
Conjugation edit
conjugation of billen
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | billenek | billensz | billen | billenünk | billentek | billennek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | billentem | billentél | billent | billentünk | billentetek | billentek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. billenni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | billenék | billenél | billene | billenénk | billenétek | billenének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. billen vala, billent vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | billenendek | billenendesz | billenend | billenendünk | billenendetek | billenendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | billennék | billennél | billenne | billennénk | billennétek | billennének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. billent volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | billenjek | billenj or billenjél |
billenjen | billenjünk | billenjetek | billenjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. billent légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | billenni | billennem | billenned | billennie | billennünk | billennetek | billenniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| billenés | billenő | billent | ― | billenve (billenvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of billen
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | billenhetek | billenhetsz | billenhet | billenhetünk | billenhettek | billenhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | billenhettem | billenhettél | billenhetett | billenhettünk | billenhettetek | billenhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | billenheték | billenhetél | billenhete | billenheténk | billenhetétek | billenhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. billenhet vala, billenhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | billenhetendek or billenandhatok |
billenhetendesz or billenandhatsz |
billenhetend or billenandhat |
billenhetendünk or billenandhatunk |
billenhetendetek or billenandhattok |
billenhetendenek or billenandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | billenhetnék | billenhetnél | billenhetne | billenhetnénk | billenhetnétek | billenhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. billenhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | billenhessek | billenhess or billenhessél |
billenhessen | billenhessünk | billenhessetek | billenhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. billenhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (billenhetni) | (billenhetnem) | (billenhetned) | (billenhetnie) | (billenhetnünk) | (billenhetnetek) | (billenhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (billenhetve / billenhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ billen in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (’Explanatory Dictionary Plus’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN
Further reading edit
- billen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- billen in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Luxembourgish edit
Etymology edit
From Old High German bellan, of onomatopoeic origin. Compare German bellen, English bellow, Icelandic belja.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
billen (third-person singular present billt, past participle gebillt, auxiliary verb hunn)
- (intransitive) to bark
Conjugation edit
| Regular | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | billen | |
| participle | gebillt | |
| auxiliary | hunn | |
| present indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | billen | — |
| 2nd singular | bills | bill |
| 3rd singular | billt | — |
| 1st plural | billen | — |
| 2nd plural | billt | billt |
| 3rd plural | billen | — |
| (n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. | ||
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Noun edit
billen m