bilst

Latvian

Etymology

Underlyingly *bild-ti, an iR-vocalization of the zero-grade *bʰl̥- of Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to sound; to speak, roar, bark”) which gave rise to an (unattested) *bilt which was extended with an additional -d- giving bilst. Of the same origin as balss (“voice”). Cognate with Lithuanian bilti (“to speak”) (3rd pres. bilsta), bilsti (“to knock, rumble”), byla (“speech; case, file”), Old Prussian billīt, billītwei (“to say, speak”). Iterative bildēt (“to speak”) (whence atbildēt (“to respond”)), causative bildināt (“to propose someone”). Derksen reconstructs *bʰl̥d- already at a Proto-Indo-European stage, see Lithuanian bildėti.

Verb

bilst (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present bilstu, bilsti, bilst, past bildu)

1. (transitive) to utter; to say, especially in few words

Conjugation

conjugation of bilst

	INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme)				IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme)
		Present (tagadne)	Past (pagātne)	Future (nākotne)
1st pers. sg.	es	bilstu	bildu	bildīšu	—
2nd pers. sg.	tu	bilsti	bildi	bildīsi	bilsti
3rd pers. sg.	viņš, viņa	bilst	bilda	bildīs	lai bilst
1st pers. pl.	mēs	bilstam	bildām	bildīsim	bildīsim
2nd pers. pl.	jūs	bilstat	bildāt	bildīsiet, bildīsit	bilstiet
3rd pers. pl.	viņi, viņas	bilst	bilda	bildīs	lai bilst
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme)			PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present	bilstot		Present Active 1 (Adj.)		bilstošs
Past	esot bildis		Present Active 2 (Adv.)		bilzdams
Future	bildīšot		Present Active 3 (Adv.)		bilstot
Imperative	lai bilstot		Present Active 4 (Obj.)		bilstam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme)			Past Active		bildis
Present	bilstu		Present Passive		bilstams
Past	būtu bildis		Past Passive		bilsts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme)			NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative	(būt) jābilst		Infinitive (nenoteiksme)		bilst
Conjunctive 1	esot jābilst		Negative Infinitive		nebilst
Conjunctive 2	jābilstot		Verbal noun		bilšana

Related terms

• iebilst (“to object”)
• iebildums (“objection”)
• atbilst (“to correspond, match, suit”)
• atbilstība (“suitability, correspondence”)
• piebilst (“to add, note”)
• piebilde (“note, (an additional) condition”)
• aizbilst (“to put in a good word for someone”)
• aizbildnis (“legal guardian”)
• atbildēt (“to respond, reply”)
• atbilde (“response”)
• atbildība (“responsibility”)
• bildināt (“to propose someone”)