bocht
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-West Germanic *buhti, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Related to buigen.
Noun edit
bocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)
- a bend, curve, inflection, something not straight
- a twist, change
- a bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Dutch bocht, becht, bacht (“garbage, dung, shit”), possibly from Proto-West Germanic *buggjan (“to buy”), though this is at odds with the last two forms.[1]
Noun edit
bocht m or n (uncountable)
- (now Belgium) junk, rubbish
- junk, booze, moonshine
- (Netherlands) disgusting drink, trash, rubbish
- Hij zei dat de bocht die hij ons gaf whiskey was, maar het smaakte er niet naar.
- He said that the foul drink he gave us was whiskey, but it didn't taste like it.
References edit
- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “bocht2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish bocht (“poor”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
bocht (genitive singular masculine boicht, genitive singular feminine boichte, plural bochta, comparative boichte)
- poor (of circumstances, of quality, condition, expressing pity, sympathy, expressing dislike, contempt)
- stingy
- (nominalized, masculine) poor person
Declension edit
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | bocht | bhocht | bochta; bhochta² | |
Vocative | bhoicht | bochta | ||
Genitive | boichte | bochta | bocht | |
Dative | bocht; bhocht¹ |
bhocht; bhoicht (archaic) |
bochta; bhochta² | |
Comparative | níos boichte | |||
Superlative | is boichte |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bocht | bhocht | mbocht |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 18
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bocht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Old Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-.
Adjective edit
bocht
- poor
- (Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty
Inflection edit
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | bocht | bocht | bocht |
Vocative | boicht* bocht** | ||
Accusative | bocht | boicht | |
Genitive | boicht | boichte | boicht |
Dative | bocht | boicht | bocht |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | boicht | bochta | |
Vocative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Accusative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Genitive | bocht | ||
Dative | bochtaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Descendants edit
Noun edit
bocht m or f
- poor person, pauper
- the poor (in a collective sense)
Inflection edit
As a masculine noun:
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bocht | bochtL | boichtL |
Vocative | boicht | bochtL | bochtuH |
Accusative | bochtN | bochtL | bochtuH |
Genitive | boichtL | bocht | bochtN |
Dative | bochtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
As a feminine noun:
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Vocative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Accusative | boichtN | boichtL | bochtaH |
Genitive | boichteH | bochtL | bochtN |
Dative | boichtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants edit
- Manx: boght
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
·bocht
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
bocht | bocht pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbocht |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Scots edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bocht
- simple past tense and past participle of buy