Wiktionary

catena

See also: Catena and catenă

English

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Etymology

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From Medieval Latin catena, from Latin catēna (“chain”). Doublet of chain.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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catena (plural catenas or catenae)

  1. A series of related items.
    • 1873, Walter Bagehot, Lombard Street:
      And, on the contrary, there is a whole catena of authorities, beginning with Sir Robert Peel and ending with Mr. Lowe, which say that the Banking Department of the Bank of England is only a Bank like any other bank [...]
  2. (soil science) A series of distinct soils arrayed along a slope.
    • 2000, Ewan Anderson, Middle East: Geography and Geopolitics, Routledge, →ISBN, page 55:
      The changes in soil characteristics from the crest to the foot of a slope are together known as a catena.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Anagrams

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Interlingua

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Noun

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catena (plural catenas)

  1. chain

Italian

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Etymology

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From Latin catēna.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaˈte.na/
  • Rhymes: -ena
  • Hyphenation: ca‧té‧na
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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catena f (plural catene)

  1. chain
  2. bond, fetter; subordination, repression
  3. tie, cord, bond
  4. tether (a rope, cable etc. that holds something in place whilst allowing some movement)

Synonyms

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Further reading

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  • catena in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

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Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *katesnā, further etymology unknown. Probably connected with caterva (“crowd”) and cassis (“hunting-net”).[1]

Pokorny derives catēna, caterva and cassis from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to link or weave together; chain, net”), with casa as another possible cognate.[2]

Martirosyan connects cassis and catēna with Old Armenian ցանց (cʻancʻ, “casting-net”) and derives all from a Mediterranean substrate.[3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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catēna f (genitive catēnae); first declension

  1. chain

Declension

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First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative catēna catēnae
Genitive catēnae catēnārum
Dative catēnae catēnīs
Accusative catēnam catēnās
Ablative catēnā catēnīs
Vocative catēna catēnae

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Borrowings

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 97, 98
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 534
  3. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2016) “Mediterranean substrate words in Armenian: two etymologies”, in Bjarne Simmelkjær Sandgaard Hansen, Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander & Birgit Anette Olsen, editors, Etymology and the European Lexicon. Proceedings of the 14th Fachtagung of the Indogermanische Gesellschaft, Copenhagen, 17-22 September 2012‎[1], Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, page 294

Further reading

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  • “catena”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “catena”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • catena in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • catena in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to put some one in irons, chains: in vincula, in catenas conicere aliquem
  • “catena”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “catena”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin catēna (“chain”). Doublet of cadeia.

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: ca‧te‧na

Noun

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catena f (plural catenas)

  1. (geology) catena (series of distinct soils along a slope)
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