caulis

English

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin caulis. Doublet of cole, gobi, and kale.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔːlɪs/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔːlɪs

Noun

caulis (plural caules)

1. (architecture) Each of the main stalks which support the volutes and helices of a Corinthian capital.
2. (botany) The stalk of a plant, especially a herbaceous stem in its natural state.

Derived terms

• cauliferous
• cauligenous

 

Translations

a leafy herbaceous stem

• Czech: lodyha (cs) f

Etymology 2

Noun

caulis

1. plural of cauli

Anagrams

• aulics, clusia, sicula

Latin

Alternative forms

• cōlis

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkau̯.lis/, [ˈkäu̯lʲɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkau̯.lis/, [ˈkäːu̯lis]

Etymology 1

Noun

caulīs

1. dative/ablative plural of caulae

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulis. Cognate with Sanskrit कुल्या (kulyā), Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem”), Latvian kauls (“bone”), Old Irish cúal (“bundle of sticks”), and perhaps Old Armenian ցօղուն (cʻōłun, “stalk; straw”).

Alternative forms

• cōlis
• coles

Noun

caulis m (genitive caulis); third declension

1. stalk, stem
2. stem of a cabbage

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	caulis	caulēs
Genitive	caulis	caulium
Dative	caulī	caulibus
Accusative	caulem	caulēs caulīs
Ablative	caule	caulibus
Vocative	caulis	caulēs

Derived terms

• cauliculus
• cauliculatus

Descendants

• Dalmatian:
  • caul
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: cavolo
  • Sicilian: càvulu, cavulu, caulu, càulu
• Padanian:
  • Emilian: chèvol, cavol, caul
  • Ligurian: cöo, cô, cúaro
  • Lombard: caul, cavol
  • Piedmontese: còl, caure
  • Romagnol: chèvol, chevle
  • Venetian: càvol, càorlo, càoło
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: chous
    • French: chou
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: col
  • Old Occitan: caul
    • Auvergnat: chaul, chaur, chare, choul, chol, chal
    • Gascon: caul ⇒ caulet
    • Languedocien: caul ⇒ caulet
    • Limousin: chaul, chol
    • Provençal: còure, coule, cole
    • Vivaro-Alpine: chaul, chaule
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician / Old Galician-Portuguese: col
    • Galician: col
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: couve
    • Galician: couve, couva (regional, south Galicia)
    • Portuguese: couve
      • → Hindi: गोभी (gobhī), गोबी (gobī)
        • → Burmese: ဂေါ်ဖီ (gauhpi)
        • → English: gobi, gobhi
        • → Pashto: ګوبي
  • Old Spanish:
    • Spanish: col
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: càule

Borrowings

• → Proto-Brythonic: *kawl (see there for further descendants)
• → English: caulis (learned)
• → Catalan: caule (semi-learned)
• → Italian: caule (semi-learned)
• → Macedonian: кељ (kelj)
• → Proto-West Germanic: *kauli (see there for further descendants)
• → Portuguese: caule (semi-learned)

References

• “caulis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “caulis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• caulis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.