chory
Lower Sorbian
editAdjective
editchory (comparative choršy, superlative nejchoršy)
Declension
editMasculine singular | Feminine singular | Neuter singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | chory | chora | chore | chorej | chore |
Genitive | chorego | choreje | chorego | choreju | chorych |
Dative | choremu | chorej | choremu | choryma | chorym |
Accusative | chory chorego (animate) |
choru | chore | chorej choreju (animate) |
chore chorych (optional animate form) |
Instrumental | chorym | choreju | chorym | choryma | chorymi |
Locative | chorem | chorej | chorem | choryma | chorych |
Old Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *xvorъ. First attested in the 15th century.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editchory
- ill, sick (unwell in terms of health or physical condition)
- 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[1], [2], [3], volume XXII, page 240:
- Czudzey byadi zalowanye... zalezi w syedmy vczinczech mylossyerdzya: lacznego nakarmicz, spraglego napogicz, podrosznego noczowacz, chorego nawyedzacz
- [Cudzej biady żałowanie... zależy w siedmi uczyncech miłosierdzia: łacznego nakarmić, spragłego napojić, podrożnego nocować, chorego nawiedzać]
- (figuratively) ill, sick (not healthy otherwise; bad)
Derived terms
edit- chorzeć impf
Descendants
editReferences
edit- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “chory”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “chory”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “chory”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “chory”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “chory”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish chory.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editchory (comparative bardziej chory or (less common) chorszy, superlative najbardziej chory or (less common) najchorszy, no derived adverb)
- (sometimes nominalized) ill, sick (unwell in terms of health or physical condition) [with na (+ accusative) ‘with what’]
- (Middle Polish, sometimes nominalized) sinful, dissolute; weak; evil
- sick (e.g. of a system, not functioning properly)
- Synonyms: nienormalny, niesprawny
- Mam dość tej chorej atmosfery w pracy. ― I've had enough of this poisonous atmosphere at work.
- (colloquial) sick (e.g. of a person, not normal, crazy)
- Synonym: nienormalny
- crazy, outlandish, bogus
- Synonym: nierozsądny
- Antonyms: sensowny, rozsądny
- Trzy stówy za obiad? To jest chore. ― Three hundred for a lunch? That's crazy.
- (obsolete, of e.g. food) dark; coarse; wholewheat, wholemeal, brown
Declension
editsingular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | chory | chora | chore | chorzy | chore | |
genitive | chorego | chorej | chorego | chorych | ||
dative | choremu | chorej | choremu | chorym | ||
accusative | chorego | chory | chorą | chore | chorych | chore |
instrumental | chorym | chorą | chorym | chorymi | ||
locative | chorym | chorej | chorym | chorych |
Derived terms
editTrivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), chory is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 37 times in scientific texts, 8 times in news, 3 times in essays, 14 times in fiction, and 5 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 67 times, making it the 959th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
editFurther reading
edit- chory in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- chory in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “chory”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “CHORY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 30.03.2023
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “chory”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “chory”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “chory”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 294
- chory in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish chory.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editchory (comparative bardzij chory, superlative nojbardzij chory, derived adverb choro)
- (sometimes nominalized) ill, sick (unwell in terms of health or physical condition) [with na (+ accusative) ‘with what’]
- (of flour, bread, pasta, etc.) wholewheat, wholemeal, brown
- (of other foods) low-quality
Declension
editsingular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | ||
nominative | chory | chore | chorŏ | chorzi | chore | |
genitive | chorego | choryj | chorych | |||
dative | chorymu | choryj | chorym | |||
accusative | animate | chorego | chore | chorõ | chorych | chore |
inanimate | chory | |||||
instrumental | chorym | chorōm | chorymi | |||
locative | chorym | choryj | chorych | |||
vocative | chory | chore | chorŏ | chorzi | chore |
Derived terms
edit- chorować impf
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- chory in dykcjonorz.eu
- chory in silling.org
- Bogdan Kallus (2020) “chory”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 261
- Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “chorŏ”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 68
- Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “chory”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 116
Upper Sorbian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *x(v)orъ. Cognate with Lower Sorbian chóry, Czech chorý, and Belarusian хворы (xvóry).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editchory (comparative choriši, superlative najchoriši, absolute superlative nanajchoriši, excessive přechory, adverb chorje)
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | virile | nonvirile | ||
personal/animal | inanimate | |||||||
nominative, vocative | chory | chore | chora | choraj | chorej | chori | chore | |
genitive | choreho choroh¹ |
choreje | choreju | chorych | ||||
dative | choremu chorom¹ |
chorej | chorymaj | chorym | ||||
accusative | choreho choroh¹ |
chory | chore | choru | choreju | chorej | chorych | chore |
instrumental | chorym | chorej | chorymaj | chorymi | ||||
locative | chorych |
References
edit- “chory” in Soblex
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian adjectives
- Lower Sorbian superseded forms
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swer-
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish adjectives
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swer-
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔrɘ
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔrɘ/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish adjectives
- Polish nominalized adjectives
- Middle Polish
- Polish terms with usage examples
- Polish colloquialisms
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Polish hard adjectives
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swer-
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔrɪ
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔrɪ/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian adjectives
- Silesian nominalized adjectives
- Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/ɔʀɨ
- Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/ɔʀɨ/2 syllables
- Upper Sorbian lemmas
- Upper Sorbian adjectives