cyme
See also: Cyme
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from French cime, cyme (“top, summit”), from the Vulgar Latin *cima, from the Latin cȳma (“young sprout of a cabbage”, “spring shoots of cabbage”), from the Ancient Greek κῦμα (kûma, “anything swollen, such as a wave or billow”; “fetus”, “embryo”, “sprout of a plant”), from κύω (kúō, “I conceive”, “I become pregnant”; in the aorist “I impregnate”). For considerably more information, see cyma, which is an etymological doublet.
Alternative forms edit
- cime (in the obsolete first sense only, [18th century])
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: sīm, IPA(key): /saɪm/
- Rhymes: -aɪm
Noun edit
cyme (plural cymes)
- (obsolete, rare) A “head” (of unexpanded leaves, etc.); an opening bud.
- (botany) A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the centrifugal or determinate type, on which each axis terminates with a flower which blooms before the flowers below it. Contrast raceme.
- 1906, “Gentianaceæ”, in Daniel Coit Gilman, Harry Thurston Peck, Frank Moore Colby, editors, The New International Encyclopædia:
- The inflorescence is some form of cyme, and the flowers are usually regular.
- 2003, S. M. Reddy, S. J. Chary, University Botany 2: Gymnosperms, Plant Anatomy, Genetics, Ecology, page 190:
- The plant bears small groups of two or three yellowish coloured flowers on an axillary cyme.
- 2003, David Curtis Ferree, Ian J. Warrington, Apples: Botany, Production and Uses, page 157:
- The flower cluster is a cyme (terminal flower is the most advanced), is terminal within the bud and may contain up to six individual flowers.
- (architecture) = cyma
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
a “head” (of unexpanded leaves, etc.)
botany: a centrifugal or definite inflorescence, esp. compound inflorescences of this type forming a more or less flat head
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architecture: cyma — see cyma
References edit
- “Cyme” listed on page 1303 of volume II (C) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [1st ed., 1893]
Cyme (səim). Also 8 cime. [a. F. cime, cyme, in the sense ‘top, summit’ (12th c. in Hatzf.): — pop. L. cima = L. cyma (see above); in the Bot. sense an 18th c. adaptation of the ancient L.] [¶] † 1. (cime.) A ‘head’ (of unexpanded leaves, etc.). Obs. rare. [¶] 1725 Bradley Fam. Dict. s. v. Sallet, The Buds and tender Cime of Nettles by some eaten raw, by others boiled. [¶] 2. Bot. (cyme.) A species of inflorescence wherein the primary axis bears a single terminal flower which develops first, the system being continued by axes of secondary and higher orders which develop successively in like manner; a centrifugal or definite inflorescence: opposed to Raceme. Applied esp. to compound inflorescences of this type forming a more or less flat head. [¶] 1794 Martyn Rousseau’s Bot. v. 55 The arrangement of the flowers in the elder is called a cyme. 1854 S. Thomson Wild Fl. iii. (ed. 4) 250 The meadow-sweet, with its crowded cymes. [¶] 3. Arch. = Cyma. [¶] 1877 Blackmore Erema III. xlvii. 106 This is what we call a cyme-joint, a cohesion of two curved surfaces. - “cyme”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “cyme” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd ed., 1989]
Etymology 2 edit
An error for cynne, probably resulting from the overlapping of the two ens in handwriting.
Noun edit
cyme (plural cymes)
- Misspelling of senna.
References edit
- “Cyme” listed on page 1303 of volume II (C) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [1st ed., 1893]
Cyme (Shaks. Macb. v. iii. 55, 1st Folio), supposed to be an error for cynne, Senna. [¶] 1605 Shaks. Macb. v. iii. 55 What Rubarb, Cyme, or what Purgatiue drugge Would scowre these English hence. - “cyme” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd ed., 1989]
French edit
Noun edit
cyme f (plural cymes)
Further reading edit
- “cyme”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *kumiz (“arrival”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- (“to go, come”). Akin to Old Frisian keme, Old Saxon kumi, Old High German cumi (“arrival”), Gothic 𐌵𐌿𐌼𐍃 (qums), Old English cuman (“to come”). More at come.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
cyme m
- coming, arrival; advent, approach
- late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
- ...ymb fēower ⁊ fēowertiġ wintra Ongolcynnes cȳmes in Breotone
- ...about forty-four years after the arrival of the Angles in Britain.
- late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
- an event
- an outcome, result
Declension edit
Declension of cyme (strong i-stem)
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Germanic *kūmiz (“delicate, feeble”). Akin to Old High German kūmo (“tender, dainty, weak”) (German kaum (“hardly”)), (Dutch kuim (“weak; hardly”)) .
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
cȳme
Declension edit
Declension of cȳme — Strong
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | cȳme | cȳmu, cȳmo | cȳme |
| Accusative | cȳmne | cȳme | cȳme |
| Genitive | cȳmes | cȳmre | cȳmes |
| Dative | cȳmum | cȳmre | cȳmum |
| Instrumental | cȳme | cȳmre | cȳme |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | cȳme | cȳma, cȳme | cȳmu, cȳmo |
| Accusative | cȳme | cȳma, cȳme | cȳmu, cȳmo |
| Genitive | cȳmra | cȳmra | cȳmra |
| Dative | cȳmum | cȳmum | cȳmum |
| Instrumental | cȳmum | cȳmum | cȳmum |
Declension of cȳme — Weak