See also: grían, grian-, griən, and gri͡an

Bavarian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old High German gruoni, from Proto-West Germanic *grōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz. Cognate with German grün, Dutch groen, English green, Icelandic grænn.

Adjective

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grian

  1. (Timau) green

References

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Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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an ghrian

From Old Irish grían (sun),[4] from Proto-Celtic *greinā.

Noun

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grian f (genitive singular gréine, nominative plural grianta)

  1. (the) sun
  2. (figuratively) paragon
Declension
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Declension of grian (second declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative grian grianta
vocative a ghrian a ghrianta
genitive gréine grianta
dative grian
gréin (in certain phrases)
grianta
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an ghrian na grianta
genitive na gréine na ngrianta
dative leis an ngrian
don ghrian
leis na grianta

Archaic weak plural forms:

Derived terms
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Verb

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grian (present analytic grianann, future analytic grianfaidh, verbal noun grianadh, past participle grianta) (transitive)

  1. to sun (expose to the warmth and radiation of the sun)
  2. (photography) to solarize (subject to solarization)
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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From Old Irish grïan.[5]

Noun

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grian m (genitive singular griain)

  1. alternative form of grean (gravel, grit; coarse sand)
  2. bottom (of sea, lake, river)
  3. earth, ground, land
  4. surface

Mutation

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Mutated forms of grian
radical lenition eclipsis
grian ghrian ngrian

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 66, page 34
  2. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 135
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 283, page 100
  4. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  5. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grian”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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Manx

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Etymology

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From Old Irish grían (sun),[1] from Proto-Celtic *greinā.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡriən/, [ɡriᵈn]

Noun

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grian f (genitive singular greiney, plural grianyn)

  1. sun
    Plaasyn prinsoil glistral myr whilleen grian.Princely palaces shining like so many suns.
    Ta'n ghrian yial er chooilleen e jurnaa.The bright sun has finished her journey.
  2. sunlight
  3. sunshine

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation of grian
radical lenition eclipsis
grian ghrian ngrian

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Manx.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Irish

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Etymology

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Cognate to Welsh graean. The exact shape of their common etymon is obscure; Proto-Celtic *griyano- is one reconstruction.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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grïan (gender unknown)

  1. gravel
  2. sand
  3. bottom (of river)
  4. floor (of sea)

Inflection

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The declension of this term is known to be an o-stem, but the gender is unknown. Both possibilities are presented here.

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative grïan
vocative grïain
accusative grïanN
genitive grïainL
dative grïunL
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative grïanN
vocative grïanN
accusative grïanN
genitive grïainL
dative grïunL
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Irish: grean

Mutation

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Mutation of grian
radical lenition nasalization
grïan grïan
pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/
ngrïan

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish grían (sun),[1] from Proto-Celtic *greinā.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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grian f (genitive singular grèine, plural grianan)

  1. sun

Declension

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Declension of grian (class IIa feminine noun)
indefinite
singular plural
nominative grian grianan
genitive grèine ghrian
dative grèin grianan; grianaibh
definite
singular plural
nominative (a') ghrian (na) grianan
genitive (na) grèine (nan) grian
dative (a') ghrèin (na) grianan; grianaibh
vocative ghrian ghriana

obsolete form, used until the 19th century

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation of grian
radical lenition
grian ghrian

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  3. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  4. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap