grian

See also: grían and grian-

Contents

IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ɟɾʲiənˠ/

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish grían ‎(“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

an ghrian

NounEdit

grian f ‎(genitive singular gréine, nominative plural grianta)

1. (the) sun
   1. sunshine
   2. (figuratively) paragon

DeclensionEdit

Declension of grian

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative grian grianta Vocative a ghrian a ghrianta Genitive gréine grianta Dative grian gréin (in certain phrases) grianta

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ghrian na grianta Genitive na gréine na ngrianta Dative leis an ngrian don ghrian leis na grianta

Derived termsEdit

Terms derived from grian

• béar gréine ‎(“sun bear, honey bear”)
• béim ghréine ‎(“sunstroke”)
• bliosán gréine ‎(“Jerusalem artichoke”)

• bolg le gréin ‎(“sunbathing”)
• grian- ‎(“sun-, solar”)
• grianmhar ‎(“sunny; bright, cheerful, pleasant”, adjective)

• grianstad ‎(“solstice”)
• radaíocht na gréine f ‎(“solar radiation”)

VerbEdit

grian ‎(present analytic grianann, future analytic grianfaidh, verbal noun grianadh, past participle grianta)

1. (transitive) sun
2. (transitive, photography) solarize

ConjugationEdit

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	grianaim	grianann tú; grianair†	grianann sé, sí	grianaimid	grianann sibh	grianann siad; grianaid†	a ghrianann; a ghrianas / a ngrianann*; a ngrianas*	griantar
	past	ghrian mé; ghrianas	ghrian tú; ghrianais	ghrian sé, sí	ghrianamar; ghrian muid	ghrian sibh; ghrianabhair	ghrian siad; ghrianadar	a ghrian / ar ghrian*	grianadh
	past habitual	ghrianainn	ghriantá	ghrianadh sé, sí	ghrianaimis; ghrianadh muid	ghrianadh sibh	ghrianaidís; ghrianadh siad	a ghrianadh / ar ghrianadh*	ghriantaí
	future	grianfaidh mé; grianfad	grianfaidh tú; grianfair†	grianfaidh sé, sí	grianfaimid; grianfaidh muid	grianfaidh sibh	grianfaidh siad; grianfaid†	a ghrianfaidh; a ghrianfas / a ngrianfaidh*; a ngrianfas*	grianfar
conditional		ghrianfainn	ghrianfá	ghrianfadh sé, sí	ghrianfaimis; ghrianfadh muid	ghrianfadh sibh	ghrianfaidís; ghrianfadh siad	a ghrianfadh / ar ghrianfadh*	ghrianfaí
subjunctive	present	go ngriana mé; go ngrianad†	go ngriana tú; go ngrianair†	go ngriana sé, sí	go ngrianaimid; go ngriana muid	go ngriana sibh	go ngriana siad; go ngrianaid†	—	go ngriantar
	past	dá ngrianainn	dá ngriantá	dá ngrianadh sé, sí	dá ngrianaimis; dá ngrianadh muid	dá ngrianadh sibh	dá ngrianaidís; dá ngrianadh siad	—	dá ngriantaí
imperative		grianaim	grian	grianadh sé, sí	grianaimis	grianaigí; grianaidh†	grianaidís	—	griantar
verbal noun		grianadh
past participle		grianta

* Indirect relative
† Dialect form

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Irish grian (see below).

NounEdit

grian m ‎(genitive singular griain)

1. Alternative form of grean ‎(“gravel, grit; coarse sand”)
2. (of sea, lake, river) bottom
3. earth, ground, land
4. surface

MutationEdit

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
grian	ghrian	ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

External linksEdit

• "grian" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
• “grian” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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ManxEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Irish grían ‎(“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): [ɡriːn], [ɡriᵈn]

NounEdit

grian f ‎(genitive singular greiney, plural grianyn)

1. sun

   Plaasyn prinsoil glistral myr whilleen grian.‎ ― Princely palaces shining like so many suns.

   Ta'n ghrian yial er chooilleen e jurnaa.‎ ― The bright sun has finished her journey.

2. sunlight
3. sunshine

SynonymsEdit

• ree yn laa

Derived termsEdit

• breck greiney
• breck 'sy ghrian

MutationEdit

Manx mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
grian	ghrian	ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

• “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Old IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡʲrʲi.an/

NounEdit

grïan ? ‎(o-stem)

1. gravel
2. sand
3. bottom (of river)
4. floor (of sea)

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
grian	grian pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

• “grian” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Scottish GaelicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Irish grían ‎(“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

NounEdit

grian f ‎(genitive singular grèine, plural grianan)

1. sun

Derived termsEdit

Terms derived from grian

• casan na grèine ‎(“the Zodiac”)
• clàr-grèine ‎(“solar panel”)
• corra-ghrian ‎(“bittern”)
• dol fodha na grèine ‎(“sunset”)
• èirigh na grèine ‎(“sunrise”)

• gaoth-ghrèine ‎(“solar wind”)
• glainneachan-grèine, speuclairean-grèine ‎(“sunglasses”)
• grianach ‎(“sunny”)
• grian-chrios ‎(“zodiac”)

• grian-stad ‎(“solstice”)
• losgadh na grèine ‎(“sunburn”)
• neòinean-grèine ‎(“sunflower”)
• pannal-grèine ‎(“solar panel”)

MutationEdit

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
grian	ghrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

• “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.