helpen
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch helpen, from Old Dutch helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
helpen
- (transitive) to help
- Wie mag ik helpen? ― Whom may I help?
- (transitive) to provide, to supply [+ aan (with)]
- Bedankt dat je mij aan dat truitje hebt geholpen! ― Thanks for getting me that sweater!
- (transitive) to get hooked, to cause (someone) to be very keen (on), addicted or depended [+ aan (to)]
- Die vriendengroup had haar aan de drank geholpen. ― That circle of friends got her addicted to alcohol.
Inflection edit
| Conjugation of helpen (strong class 3+7) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | helpen | |||
| past singular | hielp | |||
| past participle | geholpen | |||
| infinitive | helpen | |||
| gerund | helpen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | help | hielp | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | helpt | hielp | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | helpt | hielp | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | helpt | hielpt | ||
| 3rd person singular | helpt | hielp | ||
| plural | helpen | hielpen | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | helpe | hielpe | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | helpen | hielpen | ||
| imperative sing. | help | |||
| imperative plur.1 | helpt | |||
| participles | helpend | geholpen | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Low German edit
Verb edit
helpen
- Alternative spelling of hölpen
Middle Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Old Dutch helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.
Verb edit
helpen
- to help, to aid, to assist
- to be helpful, to be beneficial
Inflection edit
| Strong class 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | helpen | |
| 3rd sg. past | halp | |
| 3rd pl. past | holpen | |
| Past participle | geholpen | |
| Infinitive | helpen | |
| In genitive | helpens | |
| In dative | helpene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | helpe | halp |
| 2nd singular | helps, helpes | holps, holpes |
| 3rd singular | helpt, helpet | halp |
| 1st plural | helpen | holpen |
| 2nd plural | helpt, helpet | holpt, holpet |
| 3rd plural | helpen | holpen |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | helpe | holpe |
| 2nd singular | helps, helpes | holpes |
| 3rd singular | helpe | holpe |
| 1st plural | helpen | holpen |
| 2nd plural | helpt, helpet | holpet |
| 3rd plural | helpen | holpen |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | help, helpe | |
| Plural | helpt, helpet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | helpende | geholpen |
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “helpen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “helpen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.
Verb edit
helpen (third-person singular simple present helpeth, present participle helpende, first-/third-person singular past indicative holp, past participle holpen)
- to help
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 15-18.
- And specially from every shires ende
Of Engelond to Caunterbury they wende,
The hooly blisful martir for to seke,
That hem hath holpen whan that they were seeke.- And specially from every shire's end
Of England to Canterbury they travel,
To seek the holy blessed martyr,
Who helped them when they were sick.
- And specially from every shire's end
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 15-18.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of helpen (strong class 3)
| infinitive | (to) helpen, helpe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | helpe | halp | |
| 2nd-person singular | helpest | holpe, halp | |
| 3rd-person singular | helpeth | halp | |
| subjunctive singular | helpe | holpe1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | helpen, helpe | holpen, holpe | |
| imperative plural | helpeth, helpe | — | |
| participles | helpynge, helpende | holpen, holpe, yholpen, yholpe | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “helpen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Middle Low German edit
Etymology edit
From Old Saxon helpan (“to help”), from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną. Cognate with English helpan, Dutch helpen and German helfen.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
helpen
- to help
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of helpen as a class 3b strong verb
| Plain Infinitive | helpen | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Infinitive (Gerund) | tô helpene or tô helpende | |||
| Verbal Noun | helpen or helpent | |||
| Participles | Imperatives | |||
| Present | helpende | 2nd Person Singular | help | |
| Past | gehulpen | 2nd Person Plural | helpet | |
| Indicative | Subjunctive | |||
| Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | |
| 1st Person Singular | helpe | halp | helpe | hülpe |
| 2nd Person Singular | helpest or helpst | hulpest or hülpest | helpest | hülpest |
| 3rd Person Singular | helpet or helpt | halp | helpet | hülpe |
| Plural | helpen (helpet?) | hulpen or hülpen | helpen | hülpen |
Descendants edit
West Frisian edit
Noun edit
helpen