parka
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
1780, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).[1][2][3] Perhaps from Proto-Uralic; see dialectal Finnish parka (“rag, swaddling clothes”), which may be a cognate from Proto-Uralic, or an early borrowing from another Uralic language.
Pronunciation edit
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈpɑɹkə/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɑːkə/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)kə
- Homophone: Parker (in non-rhotic accents)
Noun edit
parka (plural parkas)
- (clothing) A long jacket with a hood which protects the wearer against rain and wind.
- 2002 January 3, James Meek, London Review of Books:
- Basir tended to wear a beige suede parka over his shalwar kameez.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Afrikaans: parka
- → Chinese: 派克 (pàikè)
- → Dutch: parka
- → Finnish: parka
- → French: parka
- → German: Parka
- → Italian: parka
- → Japanese: パーカ (pāka)
- → Korean: 파카 (paka)
- → Polish: parka
- → Spanish: parka
- → Swedish: parkas
- → Turkish: parka
Translations edit
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See also edit
- anorak
- windcheater
- parka on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References edit
- ^ “parka”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
- ^ “parka”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ^ Webs of Words: New Studies in Historical Lexicology (2010), p. 147, p. 171
Aleut edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian па́рка (párka).
Noun edit
parka
Descendants edit
- → English: parka (see there for further descendants)
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian парка (parka).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
parka f
Declension edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
Finnish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Uncertain. Perhaps an old cognate of the internationalism parka (“a sort of jacket”). If so, a loan from Tundra Nenets or, less likely, inherited from Proto-Uralic.[1]
Noun edit
parka
- poor thing, someone pitiful
- Synonyms: polo, poloinen, raasu, raukka, raukkaparka
- poikaparka ― poor boy
- tyttöparka ― poor girl
- miesparka ― poor man
- naisparka ― poor woman
- Voi parkaa! ― (Oh,) poor thing!
- (dialectal) rag, swaddling of clothes
Declension edit
Inflection of parka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | parka | parat | ||
genitive | paran | parkojen | ||
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | ||
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | parka | parat | ||
accusative | nom. | parka | parat | |
gen. | paran | |||
genitive | paran | parkojen parkainrare | ||
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | ||
inessive | parassa | paroissa | ||
elative | parasta | paroista | ||
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | ||
adessive | paralla | paroilla | ||
ablative | paralta | paroilta | ||
allative | paralle | paroille | ||
essive | parkana | parkoina | ||
translative | paraksi | paroiksi | ||
abessive | paratta | paroitta | ||
instructive | — | paroin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “1. parka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2 edit
Internationalism (compare English parka). From Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka). Possibly related to Etymology 1 (see there for more).
Noun edit
parka
Declension edit
Inflection of parka (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | parka | parkat | ||
genitive | parkan | parkojen | ||
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | ||
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | parka | parkat | ||
accusative | nom. | parka | parkat | |
gen. | parkan | |||
genitive | parkan | parkojen parkainrare | ||
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | ||
inessive | parkassa | parkoissa | ||
elative | parkasta | parkoista | ||
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | ||
adessive | parkalla | parkoilla | ||
ablative | parkalta | parkoilta | ||
allative | parkalle | parkoille | ||
essive | parkana | parkoina | ||
translative | parkaksi | parkoiksi | ||
abessive | parkatta | parkoitta | ||
instructive | — | parkoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of parka (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading edit
- “2. parka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
References edit
- ^ Janhunen, Juha. 1988. "Lisiä samojedilaisen vaatetustermin vaiheisiin". Virittäjä 92/1: 88–91.
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
parka m or f (plural parkas)
Further reading edit
- “parka”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latvian edit
Noun edit
parka m
Lower Sorbian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
parka
- inflection of park:
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From para (“couple”) + -ka (diminutive suffix).
Noun edit
parka f
- Diminutive of para
Etymology 2 edit
From para (“steam”) + -ka (diminutive suffix).
Noun edit
parka f
- (rare) Diminutive of para
Etymology 3 edit
Borrowed from English parka, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).
Noun edit
parka f
- parka (heavy weatherproof jacket)
Etymology 4 edit
Learned borrowing from Latin Parca.
Noun edit
parka f
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Spanish edit
Noun edit
parka f (plural parkas)
Further reading edit
- “parka”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014