Consonants
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
Nearest English approximation
|
---|
/b/
|
baba
|
booty
| /bʲ/
|
biś, bjachaŕ
|
beauty
| /ɕ/
|
śamny, wobraź, pišćaŕ
|
sheet
| /d/
|
dawaś
|
do
| /dʲ/
|
djaboł[1] |
due (RP)
| /d͡z/
|
łdza
|
adze
| /d͡ʑ/
|
rozdźěliś
|
jeans
| /d͡ʒ/[2] |
łdža
|
June
| /f/
|
faraŕ, archiw
|
fool
| /fʲ/
|
figa, šefje
|
fuel
| /ɡ/
|
gano
|
goon
| /ɡʲ/
|
ginuś, gjarnc
|
ambiguity
| /h/
|
hela
|
have
| /j/
|
jajo, sajźaś, wjacor
|
you
| /k/
|
kazaś, rog
|
coop
| /kʲ/
|
kisały, kjarl
|
cute
| /l/
|
lampa
|
lamp
| [lʲ][3] |
lipa
|
million
| /m/
|
mama
|
moot
| /mʲ/
|
mica, mjasec
|
mute
| /n/
|
nan
|
no
| /nʲ/
|
niski, njamam, mań
|
onion
| [ŋ][4] |
kanka, bengel
|
long
| [ŋʲ][5] |
śańki
|
avuncular
| /p/
|
papa, zub
|
pooh
| /pʲ/
|
piś, pjas
|
pew
| /r/
|
rada
|
rude but trilled; also [ʁ] as in German rot
| /rʲ/
|
rigotaś, rjeśaz, keŕ
|
read but tapped; also [ʁ] as in German rot
| /s/
|
sam, raz
|
soup
| /ʃ/[2] |
šantk, kaž
|
shoot
| /t/
|
tam, kład
|
time
| /tʲ/
|
metjej[1] |
tune (RP)
| /t͡ɕ/
|
sćěna, tśasaś, gózdź
|
cheese
| /t͡s/
|
cakaś
|
cats
| /t͡ʃ/[2] |
čaj, tšawa
|
choose
| /v/[6] |
volt, vivatowaś
|
vote
| /vʲ/[7] |
wino, wjedro
|
view
| /w/[8] |
łapiś, kisałe, słowo, wariś, barwa, wałma, sławny
|
was
| /x/[9] |
chachaś
|
No common English equivalent; Scots loch or Yinglish chutzpah
| /z/
|
zabyś
|
zoo
| /ʑ/
|
źaseś
|
No common English equivalent; like the s of measure but palatalized
| /ʒ/[2] |
žaba
|
measure
|
| |
Vowels
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
Nearest English approximation
|
---|
/a/
|
nan
|
father
| [æ][10] |
mech, knecht, zdechnuś
|
bat
| [e][11] |
dej, zemja, jeleń, wójna, měj
|
bait
| [ə][12] |
młoźinske, moderne, pónjeźele
|
comma
| /ɛ/
|
derje, góla[13], sobota
|
bet
| /i/
|
lipa
|
beat
| /ɪ/[14] |
něga
|
bit (General American/RP)
| /ɨ/
|
góla[13], šyroki
|
bit (New Zealand English)
| [o][15] |
rowny, šołta
|
boat
| /ɔ/
|
togodla
|
bought
| /u/
|
ruka
|
boot
| /ʊ/
|
góla[13] |
put, book
|
|