polluo

Latin

Etymology

From por- +‎ Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“dirt, mud”) (compare luēs (“plague”); cognate with λῦμα (lûma, “dirt”) and Old Irish loth (“mud”)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpol.lu.oː/, [ˈpɔlːʲuoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpol.lu.o/, [ˈpɔlːuo]

Verb

polluō (present infinitive polluere, perfect active polluī, supine pollūtum); third conjugation

1. to soil, defile, pollute, stain, foul
2. (figuratively, morally) to contaminate, violate, dishonor, desecrate, pollute, defile

Conjugation

Conjugation of polluō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	polluō	polluis	polluit	polluimus	polluitis	polluunt
	imperfect	polluēbam	polluēbās	polluēbat	polluēbāmus	polluēbātis	polluēbant
	future	polluam	polluēs	polluet	polluēmus	polluētis	polluent
	perfect	polluī	polluistī	polluit	polluimus	polluistis	polluērunt, polluēre
	pluperfect	pollueram	polluerās	polluerat	polluerāmus	polluerātis	polluerant
	future perfect	polluerō	pollueris	polluerit	polluerimus	pollueritis	polluerint
passive	present	polluor	pollueris, polluere	polluitur	polluimur	polluiminī	polluuntur
	imperfect	polluēbar	polluēbāris, polluēbāre	polluēbātur	polluēbāmur	polluēbāminī	polluēbantur
	future	polluar	polluēris, polluēre	polluētur	polluēmur	polluēminī	polluentur
	perfect	pollūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	pollūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	pollūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	polluam	polluās	polluat	polluāmus	polluātis	polluant
	imperfect	polluerem	polluerēs	pollueret	polluerēmus	polluerētis	polluerent
	perfect	polluerim	polluerīs	polluerit	polluerīmus	polluerītis	polluerint
	pluperfect	polluissem	polluissēs	polluisset	polluissēmus	polluissētis	polluissent
passive	present	polluar	polluāris, polluāre	polluātur	polluāmur	polluāminī	polluantur
	imperfect	polluerer	polluerēris, polluerēre	polluerētur	polluerēmur	polluerēminī	polluerentur
	perfect	pollūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	pollūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	pollue	—	—	polluite	—
	future	—	polluitō	polluitō	—	polluitōte	polluuntō
passive	present	—	polluere	—	—	polluiminī	—
	future	—	polluitor	polluitor	—	—	polluuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		polluere	polluisse	pollūtūrum esse	polluī	pollūtum esse	pollūtum īrī
participles		polluēns	—	pollūtūrus	—	pollūtus	polluendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		polluendī	polluendō	polluendum	polluendō	pollūtum	pollūtū

Synonyms

• (dishonor): cōnscelerō, contāminō, dēdecorō, dehonestō, dēpudicō, foedō, maculō, temerō, turpō
• (pollute): collinō, commaculō, commingō, cōnspurcō, contāminō, contemerō, foedō, incestō, inquinō, maculō, scelerō, contingō

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “pollute”): tergeō, abstergeō, pūrgō, luō, effingō, putō

Derived terms

• pollūbrum
• pollūtiō
• pollūtrīx
• pollūtus

Descendants

• → Catalan: pol·luir
• → English: pollute
• → French: polluer
• → Italian: polluire
• → Portuguese: poluir
• → Romanian: polua
• → Spanish: poluir

References

• “polluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “polluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• polluo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to profane sacred rites: sacra polluere et violare