polluo

Latin

Etymology

From por- +‎ Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“dirt, mud”) (compare luēs (“plague”); cognate with λῦμα (lûma, “dirt”) and Old Irish loth (“mud”)).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpol.lu.oː/, [ˈpɔlːʲuoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpol.lu.o/, [ˈpɔlːuo]

Verb

polluō (present infinitive polluere, perfect active polluī, supine pollūtum); third conjugation

to soil, defile, pollute, stain, foul
(figuratively, morally) to contaminate, violate, dishonor, desecrate, pollute, defile

Conjugation

Conjugation of polluō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	polluō	polluis		polluit	polluimus	polluitis		polluunt
	imperfect	polluēbam	polluēbās		polluēbat	polluēbāmus	polluēbātis		polluēbant
	future	polluam	polluēs		polluet	polluēmus	polluētis		polluent
	perfect	polluī	polluistī		polluit	polluimus	polluistis		polluērunt, polluēre
	pluperfect	pollueram	polluerās		polluerat	polluerāmus	polluerātis		polluerant
	future perfect	polluerō	pollueris		polluerit	polluerimus	pollueritis		polluerint
passive	present	polluor	pollueris, polluere		polluitur	polluimur	polluiminī		polluuntur
	imperfect	polluēbar	polluēbāris, polluēbāre		polluēbātur	polluēbāmur	polluēbāminī		polluēbantur
	future	polluar	polluēris, polluēre		polluētur	polluēmur	polluēminī		polluentur
	perfect	pollūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	pollūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	pollūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	polluam	polluās		polluat	polluāmus	polluātis		polluant
	imperfect	polluerem	polluerēs		pollueret	polluerēmus	polluerētis		polluerent
	perfect	polluerim	polluerīs		polluerit	polluerīmus	polluerītis		polluerint
	pluperfect	polluissem	polluissēs		polluisset	polluissēmus	polluissētis		polluissent
passive	present	polluar	polluāris, polluāre		polluātur	polluāmur	polluāminī		polluantur
	imperfect	polluerer	polluerēris, polluerēre		polluerētur	polluerēmur	polluerēminī		polluerentur
	perfect	pollūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	pollūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	pollue		—	—	polluite		—
active	future	—	polluitō		polluitō	—	polluitōte		polluuntō
passive	present	—	polluere		—	—	polluiminī		—
passive	future	—	polluitor		polluitor	—	—		polluuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		polluere		polluī		polluēns		—
future		pollūtūrum esse		pollūtum īrī		pollūtūrus		polluendus
perfect		polluisse		pollūtum esse		—		pollūtus
future perfect		—		pollūtum fore		—		—
perfect potential		pollūtūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		polluendī	polluendō		polluendum	polluendō	pollūtum		pollūtū

Synonyms

(dishonor): cōnscelerō, contāminō, dēdecorō, dehonestō, dēpudicō, foedō, maculō, temerō, turpō
(pollute): collinō, commaculō, commingō, cōnspurcō, contāminō, contemerō, foedō, incestō, inquinō, maculō, scelerō, contingō

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “pollute”): tergeō, abstergeō, pūrgō, luō, effingō, putō

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Catalan: pol·luir
→ English: pollute
→ French: polluer
→ Italian: polluire
→ Portuguese: poluir
→ Romanian: polua
→ Spanish: poluir

References

“polluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“polluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
polluo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to profane sacred rites: sacra polluere et violare